Grammar II

Question 1

How to express “I like / I don’t like” (two ways)

Answer 1

Is maith liom _____
— neg: Ní mhaith liom _____
— past: (confusing because of ba; easier to use form below)
— neg. past: Níor mhaith liom _____
— for “really like”, can use “breá”

Taitním ____ liom
— e.g. Taitním an leabhar liom
— third-person: Taitníonn sé _____ leis
— past: Thaitin mé _____ liom
— like very much: Taitním an leabhar go mór liom

Question 2

How express that you met with someone

Answer 2

[Buaigh] + [pronoun] + [le]

— e.g. Bhuail mé leat (I met with you)

— e.g. Bualfaidh tú liom (You will meet with me)

Question 3

How to express “lying down”?

Answer 3

i + [possessive] + luí

— e.g. Tá mé i mo luí
— e.g. Tá sé ina luí

Question 4

How to express “just [verbed]” (in the sense of just completing the action — just ate, just drank, etc.)

Answer 4

Tá mé go díreach i ndiadh + VN

Tá mé go díreach tar éis + VN

(Literally “I’m just after [verb]”

— e.g. Tá mé go díreach i ndiadh an dráma sin a fheiceáil

— e.g. Tá mé go díreach tar éis an leabhar seo a cheannach

Question 5

Conjugation of “i ndiadh” with pronouns

Answer 5

— i mo dhiadh (after me)
— I do dhiadh (after you)
— ina dhiadh (after him)
— ina diadh (after her)
— inár ndiadh (after us)
— in bhur ndiadh (after y’all)
— ina ndiadh (after them)

Question 6

How to express “over [#]”

— e.g. over 40 years, over 10 people, etc.

Answer 6

breis agus [#]

— e.g. breis agus 40 bliain
— e.g. breis agus deich nduine

Question 7

How express (2 ways):

I need _____
— e.g. I need bread

Answer 7

Tá [noun] ag taisteal uaim
Teastaím [noun] uaim
— e.g. Tá arán ag taisteal uaim
— e.g: Tá arán ag taisteal uaidh

Question 8

How to express:

”some [noun]”
— e.g. They brought some food

Answer 8

Roinnt [noun]
— e.g. Thug siad roinnt bia

Question 9

How to express:

I would / would not like _____

Answer 9

Ba mhaith liom

Níor mhaith liom

Question 10

How to express:

Both [word] and [word]
— e.g. Both cats and dogs

Answer 10

Idir [word] agus [word]
— e.g. Idir cait agus madraí

Question 11

Forms of trí (through)
— through me
— through you
— through him/her
— through us
— through y’all
— through them

Answer 11

— tríom
— tríot
— trid / trithí
— trinn
— tribh
— tríothu

Question 12

Forms of um (about/at/around)
— around me
— around you
— around him/her
— around us
— around y’all
— around them

Answer 12

— umam
— umat
— uime
— uimpí
— umainn
— umaibh
— umpu

Question 13

atá vs. bhfuil

Answer 13

atá = direct relative
bhfuil = indirect relative

Question 14

Conditioning endings
— e.g. Would do (I, you, etc.)

Answer 14

— Dhéanfainn
— Dhéanfá
— Dhéanfaimis
— Dhéanfadh (sé/sí)
— Dhéanfadh sibh
— Dhéanfaidís

Question 15

gur

(Particle)

Answer 15

that _____
— past tense, when:
— introduce subordinate clause with a verb
— triggers lenition
— e.g. Dúirt sé gur chuala sé na páistí

Question 16

gur

(Particle)

Answer 16

that…is
— e.g. Deir sé gur maith leis tae
(He says that he likes tea)

that…was/would be
— e.g. Dúirt sé gur mhaith leis tae.
(He said that he liked/would like tea)

gurb
— present/future before a vowel

gurbh
— past/conditional before a vowel

Question 17

How express:

I have _____ hair

Answer 17

Tá gruaig _____ agam:
— rua (red)
— fhionn (blonde)
— dubh (black)
— dhonn (brown)
— liath (gray)