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Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a simple sentence?

A

A sentence made up of one main clause

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2
Q

What is a clause?

A

A group of words made out of a subject and a verb

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3
Q

What is a compound sentence?

A

Two simple sentences that are both grammatically correct and both joined by a coordinating conjunction

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4
Q

What are the coordinating conjunctions ?

A

F - for
A - and
N - nor
B - but
O - or
Y - yet
S - so

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5
Q

What is a complex sentence?

A

A sentence made out of one main clause and a subordinate clause connected with a subordinating conjunction

(simple + subordinating conjunction + minor)

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6
Q

What is a subordinate clause?

A

A clause that can not be grammatically correct by itself (e.g when it rang)

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7
Q

What are the four sentence functions?

A

Declarative
Imperative
Exclamative
Interrogative

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8
Q

What is a declarative sentence?

A

A sentence that is a statement

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9
Q

What is an interrogative sentence?

A

A sentence that asks a question, easily identified by a question mark

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10
Q

What is an exclamative sentence?

A

A sentence that is identified by having an exclamation mark at the end of it

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11
Q

What is an imperative sentence?

A

A sentence that is a command

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12
Q

What is a minor sentence?

A

A sentence that doesn’t function as a correct sentence , typically a subordinate clause, a single phrase or word

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13
Q

What is a subordinating conjunction

A

A word or phrase that links a main clause and a subordinate clause together

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14
Q

What is an auxiliary verb?

A

A verb that assists a main verb by adding functional or grammatical meaning

For example: I DO not know

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15
Q

What is a preposition?

A

A word or group of words is used to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object.

(E.g That , This , On top)

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16
Q

What is a subject pronoun?

A

A personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a sentence

(E.g He , she , him)

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17
Q

What are the 4 sentence types?

A

Minor , simple , complex , compound

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18
Q

What is a minor sentence?

A

It is a non-complete sentence , it doesnt make sense by itself

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19
Q

What is an inflectional affix?

A

An affix which shows grammatical form (e.g tense or plural)

(E.g dog’s)

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20
Q

What is the order of the lingustic rank scale ? (smallest to largest)

A

Morpheme , word , phrase , clause , sentence , text

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21
Q

What is a bound morpheme?

A

A bit of a word (morpheme) that doesnt make sense on its own (e.g Ab/normal)

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22
Q

What is an infix?

A

A affix which is in the middle of a sentence ( e.g abso-blooming-lutely)

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23
Q

What is a verb phrase?

A

A phrase built around a main verb with Auxiliary verbs (e.g. I have cooked tea)

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24
Q

What are the two main purposes of verbs?

A

Dynamic verbs (doing words)
Stative verbs (statments e.g i AM)

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25
Q

What is a prefix?

A

A mopheme which comes before a word (e.g TRANS-gender)

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26
Q

What is a determiner?

A

A noun phrase which gives more information on a noun (e.g , a , is , five , some)

27
Q

What are the 10 modal verbs?

A

Can
Should
Will
Could
May
Might
Must
Shall
Ought
Would

28
Q

When undertaking clause analysis , what are the 5 areas which we will look for?

A

Subject
Main verb
Object
Complement
Adveribal

29
Q

What are the 3 main types of adverbial?

A

Abverbs of manner (slowly)
Adverbs of time (later)
Adverb of direction (up)

30
Q

When are co-ordinating conjunctions used?

A

In compound sentences to join two or more simple sentences together

31
Q

What is the acronym to remember the 7 co-ordinating conjunctions?

A

FANBOYS

32
Q

What are the 7 co-ordinating conjunctions?

A

For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

33
Q

When would a subordinate conjuction be used?

A

A subordinate conjuction would be used to like a main and a subordinate clause together

34
Q

What us the purpose of a subordniate clause?

A

Provides a neccessary transition between two ideas , the transtition will indicate either time , place or cause of effect

35
Q

What is a modal verb?

A

A form of determiner

36
Q

What is a free morpheme?

A

A morpheme that makes sense on its own

37
Q

What is a complement in terms of clause analysis?

A

A word that tells us something about a subject (e.g very handsome)

38
Q

What is a head word?

A

A first word in a sentence

39
Q

What is a modifier?

A

A word that modifys a noun

40
Q

What is an adjective?

A

A word that discribes a noun

41
Q

What is a noun?

A

A person , place or thing

42
Q

What is a main verb in terms of clause analysis?

A

A doing word or a statment

43
Q

What is a coordinating conjunction?

A

A word used to join two simple sentences into a compound sentence

44
Q

What are the langauge levels?

A

Lexis and Semantics , Grammar , Phonology , Graphology , Pragmatics and Discourse

45
Q

What is active voice?

A

When the subject of a sentence is acted on by a verb

(E.g I kicked the ball)

46
Q

What is past tense?

A

A tense expressing an action that has already happened

47
Q

What is present tense?

A

A tense expressing an action that is happening

48
Q

What is future tense?

A

A tense expressing an action that has not yet happened

49
Q

What is aspect?

A

A property of a verb that expresses how the action/state/event takes place over time - information on if the verb is ongoing, repeated completed or habitual

50
Q

What are the 4 types of aspects?

A

Simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous

51
Q

What are the 4 types of aspects?

A

Simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous

52
Q

What is simple tense?

A

They are actions that take place past/present/future that are not stated if they are finished

53
Q

What is perfect tense?

A

They describe a finished action in the past/present/future

54
Q

What is perfect progressive tense?

A

Describing an action that was in progress but has since been completed

(E.g I have been waiting)

55
Q

What is progressive tense?

A

They describe something that is still happening

(E.g Henry is walking)

56
Q

What is a primary auxiliary verb?

A

An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show tense (be , do , have)

57
Q

What is a modal auxiliary verb?

A

An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show the degree of commitment

(E.g may, could, must)

58
Q

What is passive voice?

A

When the verb is carried out on the subject

59
Q

What are the 5 types of noun?

A

Proper , common , collective , abstract and concrete

60
Q

How do you identify a conditional clause?

A

It will always begin with ‘if’

61
Q

What is a progressive verb?

A

A verb which is not yet completed

E.g im walking - progressive dynamic verb walking

62
Q

How do we identify progressive verbs?

A

They are verbs ending in ‘ing’

63
Q

What is an elliptical?

A

A phrase which is not a complete sentence as it is missing key parts (e.g determiners), they are usually used in headlines

English (9 decks)

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