Basic English Terms Flashcards
Accent
A distinctive way of pronouncing a language, especially associated with a particular country , area, or social class
Adjaceny pair
An example of conversation turn taking , it is composed of 2 utterances by 2 speakers , one after another
Affix
an added morpheme to the base form or stem of a word in order to modify its meaning or create a new word
Audience positioning
The relationship between the audience, the text , how the audience receives the text, or responds to a text
Blended mode text
A mode of communication that mixes features , some associated with spoken language
Code switching
Occurs when someone begins speaking in a different language or dialect throughout the course of a conversation
Closed word classes
Made up of a finite set of words that are never expanded
Connotation
The use of a word to suggest a different association than its litteral meaning
Convergence
Making our language more like the persons that we are talking to
Delexis
A word or phrase (such as this , then, there , those, now , here) that points to the time , place, or situation in which a speaker is speaking
Determiners
Used at the beginning of a noun group to clarify what it refers to (such as this or that)
Dipthong
Known as a gliding vowel , it is a combination of 2 adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable
Discourse community
A collection of people or groups that work towards a common goal through communication
Discourse event
Any instance of discourse
Discourse markers
A word or phrase that changes the flow of a structure of dialogue without changing the meaning
Divergence
A difference between two or more things, attitudes or opinions
Dysphemism
A derogatory or unpleasant term used instead of a pleasant or neutral one
Euphemism
An indirect word or expression substituted for one is considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant
Genre
A particular type of literature , painting, music , film, or other art form
Graphology
The study of handwriting, especially for the purpose of analysing a writers personality
Head word
A word or term placed at the beginning of a sentence
Hegemony
Leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others
Homonym
Two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation, but with different meanings
Idolect
The speech habits linked to a particular person
Intertexuality
One or more texts referencing , quoting, or alluding to another text
Lexis
Refers to the vocabulary of a language
Loaded question
A question containing a hidden/ trap question
Ethnicity
Cultural/social
Race
Physical features of race ( For example Black or white skin )
Nationality
The country an individual is from
Sociolect
How a specific group uses language
Ethnolect
Language trends that stem from ethnicity
Multiethnolect
Multiple language trends brought together
MLE
Multicultural London English . It is a combination of cultures
BBE
Black British English . From west India became popular during the windrush generation
Phonology
The study of speech sounds
Phoneme
The smallest unit of sound in phonology
Auxiliary verbs
Verbs that support the main word
Morpheme
The smallest unit of a word in language
Noun
A word refering to a person, place or thing
Verb
A word to describe an action, state or occurrence
Adjective
A word naming an attribute of a noun
Blooms 2 word stage meanings
Locations , objects, actions, possession
3 Aitchson stages
Labelling: linking words and objects, prone to over extension
Packaging: Start to understand meanings of words
Networking: grasping the connections between words , understanding that some words are opposite in meaning
Hyponym
Small categories inside Hypernyms , for example poppies
Hypernym
Big categories, for example flowers
