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English > Diversity - Accent And Dialect > Flashcards

Diversity - Accent And Dialect Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What is an accent?

A

A distinctive way of pronouncing a language, particularly associated with a particular country, social class or area

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2
Q

What is a dialect?

A

The whole way language is used, including accent, vocabulary etc

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3
Q

What caused the formation of dialect?

A

Communities constantly being together causing the creation of specific ways of speaking

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4
Q

What did Howard Giles find about the way RP was perceived?

A

He found that received pronunciation was rated as highly intelligent and powerful, but cold

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5
Q

What did Ellen Ryan find about Received pronunciation?

A

It has a high status but low solidarity

This means that it is seen as high prestige but people don’t connect with it

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6
Q

What did The COMRES study by ITV Tonight find about the way acents are perceived?

A

It showed our bias toward accents

The Liverpudlian accent was rated by the public to be the least friendly, trustworthy and intelligent

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7
Q

What were Trudgil’s ing/in findings an example of?

A

Code-switching

Changing styles to fit context

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8
Q

What did Trudgil find regarding corretness linked gender?

A

Women tend to fall closer to hypercorrectness ( rarely dropping g)

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9
Q

What is an example of convergence in modern-day Britain?

A

People copying the accent and dialect used in music such as grime because they see it as cool

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10
Q

What did Howard Gilies write about with accommodation theory ?

A

He said that two things can happen with people’s dialects during a conversation

Convergence: trying to fit In with the other person’s way of speaking

Divergence: trying to found different to the other person’s way of speaking

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11
Q

What percentage of employers discriminate on accent?

A

80%

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12
Q

What does the discrimination towards accent in the work place demonstrate?

A

That there is clear prejudice in that area

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13
Q

How are rural accents seen according to Giles?

A

They are seen as friendly

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14
Q

What are the two types of prestige of accents?

A

Overt and Covert

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15
Q

How are Urban accents seen by non-speakers?

A

They are seen as Untrustworthy

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16
Q

How are Urban accents seen by speakers?

A

They are seen very highly

17
Q

Which accent has overt prestige?

A

Received pronunciation

18
Q

Which accent has covert prestige?

A

Our accent which we are speakers of

19
Q

What accent are working-class people more likely to use?

A

Their regional dialect

20
Q

What is upwards convergence?

A

When someone improves their accent

21
Q

What is downward convergence?

A

When someone moves away from RP

22
Q

What did Trudgill claim is causing the decline in traditional dialects?

A

Dialect leveling is caused by the increased movement of people in the UK

23
Q

How did Trudgil view all the dialects?

A

He viewed them ALL as equal

24
Q

What did Labov find in his study into the rhotic ‘R’ at US shops?

A

He found that the more posh a shop was , the MORE pronunced the rhotic ‘r’ is

25
Q

How is the rhotic ‘r’ viewed by RP speakers?

A

Its seen as improper or unintelligent

26
Q

What accent did Howard Giles find was viewed as the most impressive using a matched guise technique?

A

RP

27
Q

What accent did Howard Giles find was viewed as the most persausive using a matched guise technique?

A

Southern Welsh

28
Q

What type of accent had the lowest Status according to Giles (1970)?

A

Regional urban accents

29
Q

What was Giles’s opinion on which accent is the best?

A

As a prescriptivist, Giles claimed that no accent is superior to the other

30
Q

What is Estuary English?

A

A middle ground between cockeny and RP

31
Q

In their study, ‘Bad accents’ what did Trudgil and Anderson claim were the two options regional accent speakers had in response to accent discrimination?

A

1) adopt and RP accent
2) oppose the label by knuckling down

32
Q

What did Trugil and Anderson claimed caused accent prejudice?

A

We associate accents based off of social stereotypes (e.g urban accents with dirty cities) therefore we act accordingly

33
Q

How did Trugil and Anderson support their claim that accent prejudice was based off of social stereotypes?

A

The asked North American people (who didnt know the stereotypes) and asked them to rate accents

1st was RP
2nd was Cockney , significant as UK surveys have it last

English (9 decks)

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