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BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE > GRAM POSITIVE COCCI > Flashcards

GRAM POSITIVE COCCI Flashcards

1
Q

Differentiates Staphylococci from Streptococci

A

Catalase Test

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2
Q

Positive Catalase Test

A

bubbles: Staphylococcus

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3
Q

Negative Catalase Test

A

no bubbles: Streptococcus

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4
Q

detects clumping factors or bound coagulase, screening test

A

Slide coagulase

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5
Q

free coagulase, unbound, confirmatory test

A

Tube Coagulase

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6
Q

Uses rabbit plasma

A

coagulase test

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7
Q

Normal inhabitant of the skin, intestine and mucous
membrane (nasopharynx and anterior nares)
“Golden grape-like clusters”, NM, NS, NE

A

S. aureus

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8
Q

S. aureus on Nutrient agar

A

oil paint appearance

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9
Q

S. aureus on Baird Parker

A

jet black colonies

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10
Q

Golden yellow pigment

A

Non staphylo cytin

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11
Q

Marker of virulence

A

free coagulase

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12
Q

hyaluronidase or spreading factor

A

Duran Raynal Factor

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13
Q

fibrinolysin : lyses the fibrin clot

A

Staphylokinase

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14
Q

toxic shocked syndrome toxin like endotoxin F

A

TSST-1

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15
Q

Exfoliative toxin; Ritter’s disease, mostly occur on children

A

SSSS

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16
Q

Has toxic effects on neutrophils

A

Urease

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17
Q

Inititates skin infection

A

Lipase

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18
Q

Exotoxin that kills WBC

A

Leucocidin

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19
Q

MSA Mannitol Salt Agar

A

7% NaCl
Indicator: Phenol Red
Result: Yellow
(+) : mannitol are fermented

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20
Q

Voges-Proskauer

A

Differentiates S. aureus from S. intermedius
S. aureus – (+)
S. intermedius (-)
end product: acetyl carbinol

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21
Q

Modified Oxidase test/ Microdase test

A

Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride in dimethylsulfoxide
(+) blue or purple in 2 minutes

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22
Q

No DMSO

A

Cytochrome Oxidase/Indophenol oxidase

23
Q

Micrococci – S (10 mm)
Staph - R

A

Bacitracin

24
Q

can used in blood agar plate
100ug
Micrococci – R
Staph – S (15 mm)

A

Furazolidone Susceptibility

25
Q

Micrococci – R
S. aureus – S (10-16 mm)

A

Lysostaphin Sensitivity

26
Q

2 methods
Methyl green
Toluidine blue
(+) clearing of agar
(+) : aureus, moraxiella and serratia

A

DNASE test

27
Q

Beta lactamase test /
Cephalosporinase test

A

Reagent: Cefinase disk
Substrate: Nitrocefin
(+) result: pink to red
(-) result: yellow

28
Q

community acquired or super bug; seen in patient that stay long in hospital

A

MRSA

29
Q

CoNS

A

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus

30
Q

Normal skin flora
Prosthetic heart valve, UTI, stitch abscess, Neonatal sepsis, endocarditis
Biofilm

A

S. epidermidis

31
Q

Pyelonephritis and cystitis
Community acquired UTI
Indwelling catheters

A

S. saprophyticus

32
Q

Low virulence; tetrads, NM
Lysostaphin & Furazolidone – Resistant

A

Micrococci

33
Q

Most frequent cause of endocarditis;
slide coagulase (+)
confused with staph aureus

A

S. lugdunensis

34
Q

Pinpoint translucent colonies
Young cultures – presence of capsule
NM, NS, capnophilic
Bile insoluble, inulin (-)
Catalase and Oxidase (-)

A

STREPTOCOCCI

35
Q

Substrate: leucine-beta-naphthylamide
Reagent: cinnamaldehyde
(+) result: Red/Pinkish red
(-) result: no color or slight yellow

presumptive test for catalase(-) and Gram (+) cocci

A

LAP TEST

36
Q

Based on cell wall C polysaccharide
ALL ARE HIPPURATE (-) EXCEPT

A

Lancefield Classification

37
Q

based on temperature

Pyogenic (37 degC, produce PUS)
Viridans
Enterococci
Lactic group

A

Academic or Bergey’s

38
Q
A

S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

39
Q

Main component of Strep capsule

A

Hyaluronic acd

40
Q

Throat pathogen
Catalase (-)
PYR (+)
Bacitracin (S)
Reservoir: throat and skin

A

S. pyogenes /Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

41
Q

Principal virulence factor of S. pyogenes /Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

A

M protein

42
Q

responsible for SUB SURFACE HEMOLYSIS, of S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci
highly antigenic

A

Streptolysin O

43
Q

spreading factor of S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

A

Hyaluronidase

44
Q

not highly antigenic, responsible for Surface hemolysis

A

Streptolysin S

45
Q

Dissolves /digest fibrin clot

A

Streptokinase

46
Q

Degrades DNA

A

Streptodornase

47
Q

degrades proteins
mediates scarlet fever
implicated in flesh eating streptococci

A

Erythrogenic/Pyogenic toxins
Exotoxin B

48
Q

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

A

Erythrogenic/Pyrogenic Toxins

49
Q

Causes lethal shock

A

A, B, C

50
Q

AKA Protein F
Adhesion molecule

A

Fibronectin Binding Protein

51
Q

Main source of streptokinase (animal pathogen)
ex: Strep. equi, strangles in horses (upper respiratory)

A

Group C streptococci

52
Q

S. anginosus
Honeysuckle odor
Bacteremia and liver abscess
Group G – normal flora of GI, vaginal tract

A

Groups F and G

53
Q

Reagent: Esculin + 1-4% bile salt
(+) Result: black color complex in agar

A

Bile Esculin Hydrolysis

54
Q

Salt Tolerance Test (6.5%)

A

(+) Result: turbidity (Enterococci) [withstand high salt]
(-) Result: Non-Enterococci [not inhibited high salt]

BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE (15 decks)

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