GRAM (+) BACILLI - SPOREFORMERS

Question 1

they are aerobic
Bioterrorism agent, viable in soil for years

Answer 1

Bacillus anthracis

Question 2

Catalase (-), NM, centrally located spores
Non-hemolytic, encapsulated
Box car morphology
Bamboo fishing rod appearance
Cut-glass or comet tail appearance
Medusa head - BAP
String of Pearl appearance - Penicillin
susceptibility (MHA)
Virulence factor: Capsule: D glutamic acid

Answer 2

Bacillus anthracis

Question 3

3 exotoxin components of B. anthracis

Answer 3

1. Lethal Factor
2. Protective Antigen
3. Edema

Question 4

B. anthracis diseases

Answer 4

Diseases:
External
Cutaneous anthrax / Hide Porter disease
Internal
Ragpicker’s /Woolsorter’s disease (pulmonary)
Intestinal anthrax (ingestion)

Question 5

Flat Sour spoilage
Biological indicator in Autoclave

Answer 5

Bacillus stearothermophilus

Question 6

Diagnostic test for Bacillus Anthracis

Answer 6

Ascoli Test

Question 7

Source of Bacitracin
Ground glass appearance
Eye infection among heroin addict

Answer 7

Bacillus subtilis

Question 8

Fried rice bacillus
Beta hemolytic, motile

Answer 8

Bacillus cereus

Question 9

Media Used In B. cereus

Answer 9

PEMBA : Polymyxin pyruvate egg yolk mannitol bromothymol
blue agar

Question 9

Strict anaerobes
Catalase (-)
Motile except: C perfringens

Answer 9

Clostridium

Question 10

Histotoxic

Answer 10

Gas gangrene, C. perfringes

Question 11

Neurotoxic

Answer 11

C. Tetani and C. Botulinum

Question 12

Enteric

Answer 12

C. difficile

Question 13

Frankel’s bacillus
M, encapsulated, box car shaped
Virulence factors: alpha toxin & enterotoxin
Lecithinase/Nagler Reaction
Ferments glucose, lactose, maltose, fructose
Litmus Milk test:- “stormy fermentation of milk”

Answer 13

Clostridium perfringens

Question 14

Terminal swollen spores, motile
Tack head, Drumstick, Lollipop, Tennis racquet
does not ferment any sugar
Gelatinase and indole (+)
Lecithinase and lipase (-)
Virulence factor: tetanus pusmine
(exotoxin)and tetano lysine

Answer 14

C. tetani

Question 15

lockjaw

Answer 15

Trismus

Question 16

muscle spasm

Answer 16

Opisthotonos

Question 17

Sardinian grin

Answer 17

Risus sardonicus

Question 18

Von Ermengen’s bacilli
Botulism (fatal like food poisoning)
Virulence factors: botulinum toxin (neurotoxin)
Lipase (+)
Lecithinase & indole (-)
Ferments glucose
Floppy baby syndrome - SID

Answer 18

C. botulinum

Question 19

can cause placid paralysis

Answer 19

C. botulinum

Question 20

decrease muscle tone acquired in breastfeeding (FLAPPY BABY SYNDROME)

Answer 20

Hypotonia

Question 21

Antibiotic associated diarrhea (Pseudomembranous )collitis
Gelatinase (+); motile
Lecithinase, lipase and indole (-)
Ferments glucose and fructose
Virulence factors: enterotoxin (toxin A) & cytotoxin (toxin B)

Answer 21

C. difficile

Question 22

Normal flora in colon
Antibiotic associated ; effect on penicillin, cephalosporins
Diagnosis : CYTOTOXIN
spx: Formed stool, rectal swab

Answer 22

C. difficile

Question 23

Culture
CCFA – yellow ground glass colonies
Horse stable odor
BAP – yellow fluorescence