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BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE > BACTERIAL STRUCTURE > Flashcards

BACTERIAL STRUCTURE Flashcards

1
Q

Acts as osmotic barrier
regulates transport of solute across membrane

A

Cell membrane

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2
Q

Cell membrane chemical composition

A

lipopolysaccharide (phospholipid bilayer)

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3
Q

Food reserves are called

A

Metachromatic granules

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4
Q

Main component of a cell wall

A

Murein layer/Peptidoglycan

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5
Q

metachromatic granules of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Babes ernst bodies

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6
Q

metachromatic granules of Yersinia pestis

A

Bipolar bodies

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7
Q

metachromatic granules of Nocardia and actinomyces

A

Sulfur granules

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8
Q

Thicker cell wall
With teichoic acid
Impermeable to alcohol

A

Gram (+) Acid fast organisms

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9
Q

Thinner cell wall
endotoxin
Permeable to alcohol
with protein & phospholipids

A

Gram (-) Acid fast organisms

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10
Q

Chemical composition of Gram (+) Acid fast organisms

A

n-acetyl muramic acid & n-acetyl glucosamine

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11
Q

3 regions of LPS ( gram (-) )

A
  1. Lipid A
  2. Core polysaccharide
  3. Antigenic O
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12
Q

Slimy, gelatinous compound surrounding the cell wall
Prevents phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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13
Q

Chief determinant of virulence factor; delays digestion of bacteria

A

Capsule

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14
Q

Prevents phagocytosis
best demonstrated by negative staining

A

Capsule

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15
Q

Polysaccharide capsule:

A

H. influenza
K. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae

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16
Q

B. anthracis (capsule)

A

D-glutamic acid

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17
Q

S. agalactiae (capsule)

A

Sialic acid

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18
Q

Shorter than flagella
Not present in all organisms
Extrachromosomal DNA carries antibiotic gene

A

Capsule

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19
Q

Short, hairlike structure that extend from cell membrane
into the external environment

A

Pili/Fimbriae

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20
Q

Chemical composition of Pili/Fimbriae

A

Pilin

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21
Q

responsible for attachment/adherence of microorganism to tissues; first step in establishing infection

A

Common pili

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22
Q

for coagulation, important in medical diagnosis

A

sex pili

23
Q

Slender, whiplike structures which determines the motility of an organism; motility is best at 25C

A

Flagella

24
Q

No flagellum

A

atrichous

25
Q

One flagellum at one end

A

Monotrichous

26
Q

Example monotrichous organisms

A

Vibrio and Pseudomonas

27
Q

One flagellum on both ends

A

Amphitrichous

28
Q

group of flagella on one or both ends

A

Lophotrichous

29
Q

has flagella that surrounded the whole bacteria

A

Peritrichous

30
Q

Chemical composition of flagella

A

flagellin

31
Q

Gliding motility

A

capnocytophaga

32
Q

Shooting star:

A

Vibrio cholerae

33
Q

Corkscrew motility

A

Spirochetes

34
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

35
Q

Darting motility

A

Campylobacter

36
Q

Keratin like coat
Resistant structures
Target of sterilization
Produced by Gram (+) organisms

A

Endospores/Spores

37
Q

Chemical composition of endospores

A

Calcium dipicolinate

38
Q

Excreted by living bacterial cells
Heat labile (60C)
Produced by gram (+)

A

Exotoxin

39
Q

highly antigenic; highly toxic

A

Exotoxin

40
Q

Examples of Exotoxins

A
  1. Enterotoxin
  2. Cytotoxin
  3. Neurotoxin
41
Q

Liberated by cell walls when disintegrated
Heat stable (60C)
not antigenic; weakly toxic
produced by gram (-)

A

Endotoxin

42
Q

Detects endotoxin in body fluids

A

Limulus Lysate test

43
Q

Non-poisonous form of toxins

A

Toxoids

44
Q

Ways of converting toxins to toxoids

A
  1. By aging
  2. By exposure to heat
  3. By exposure to 50% alcohol, formaldehyde, dilute acids
45
Q

Generation time of T. pallidum

A

33 hrs

46
Q

Generation time of M. tuberculosis

A

18 hrs/20-22 hrs

47
Q

Generation time of S. aureus

A

30 minutes

48
Q

Generation time of E. coli

A

20 minutes

49
Q

Phase of Rejuvenescence
No cell division
# of cells at the beginning equal to the number of cells at the end of lag phase

A

Lag Phase

50
Q

Bacterial division at constant rate
Rapid exponential growth
Population doubles

A

Log Phase

51
Q

Decrease in bacterial growth may last for 1-2 days
New cells equal the number of dying cells

A

Stationary Phase

52
Q

In stationary phase, dead debris starting to accumulate due to:

A

Accumulation of toxin
Lack of food
Development of unfavorable pH

53
Q

Complete cessation of multiplication

A

Death Phase

54
Q

metachromatic granules of Mycobacterium group

A

Much granules

BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE (15 decks)

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