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Gram Negative Fermentative (Enterobacteriaciaeae) Flashcards

1
Q

General Characteristics of Enterobacteriaciaeae

A
  • Facultative Anaerobe
  • Catalase Positive, Oxidase Negative
  • Glucose Fermenters
  • Nitrate Reducers
  • Motile with Preitrichous flagella
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2
Q

All enterobacteriaceae are motile except;

mnemonics: SKY

A

Shigella
Klebsiella
Yersinia

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3
Q

All are normal flora of the Gut except;

A

Shigella
Salmonella
Yersinia

True Enteric Pathogens

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4
Q

H antigen

A

Flagellar antigen

Heat labile, Protein

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5
Q

O antigen

A

Somatic antigen

Heat stable, Lipopolysaccharide

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6
Q

K antigen

A

Capsular antigen

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7
Q

Masks O antigen

A

K antigen

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8
Q

When somatic antigen is negative, but the capsular antigen is positive, what should you do next?

A

Boil for 15 minutes

Capsular antigen is heat labile that wil destroy K antigen

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9
Q

K antigen of S. typhi

A

Vi antigen

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10
Q

Most common cause of UTI

A

E. coli

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11
Q

Virulence factor causing 75% of nenonatal meningitis cases

A

K1 Capsular antigen

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12
Q

Infection cause by E. coli

mnemonics: DUNG

A

Diarrhea
UTI
Nenonatal meningitis
Gram (-) Sepsis

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13
Q

Identical to shigatoxin by Shigella dysenteriae

A

Verotoxin I

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14
Q

The most severe form manifestation of EHEC

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

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15
Q

Transmitted with ingestion of Hamburgers or undercooked meat

A

Enterohemorragic E. coli (EHEC)/STEC/VTEC

a.k.a Shiga toxin producing (STEC), Verotoxin producing (VTEC)

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16
Q

Most common isolate of EHEC

A

E. coli O157:H7

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17
Q

SMAC

A

Medium of isolating E. coli O157:H7

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18
Q

Colonies of E. coli O157:H7 in sMAC

A

Colorless - Nonfermenter of Sorbitol

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19
Q

Associated to Traveller’s Diarrhea

a.k.a Montezumas’s revenge or Turista

A

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

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20
Q

Toxin produced by ETEC Diarrhea

A

Heat Labile Toxin

similar to Cholarogenic toxin

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21
Q

Causes Bloody type of Diarrhea or Dysentery type of Diarrhea

A

EnterInvasive E. coli (EIEC)

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22
Q

Infective dose of EIEC

A

> 10^6

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23
Q

Infantile or Pediatric Diarrhea

Diarrhea of Infants

A

EnteroPathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

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24
Q

Diarrhea in Malnourished children

A

EnteroAggregative E. coli (EAEC)

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25
Q

EAEC adheres to Hep2 cells packed in a ________________ pattern.

A

Stacked Brick Pattern

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26
Q

Chronic diarrhea in HIV patients

A

EAEC

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27
Q

IMVC Reaction of E. coli

A

++– with Gas

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28
Q

Identification of E. coli

  • MAC:
  • EMB:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • LOA:
  • Motility:
  • H2S:
  • Urease:
  • PAD:
A
  • MAC: flat, dry colonies with sorrounding dark pink area precipitated with bile salts
  • EMB: Green metallic sheen
  • TSIA: A/A
  • IMVC: ++00
  • LOA: ++0
  • Motility: Motile
  • H2S: Negative
  • Urease: Negative
  • PAD: Negative
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29
Q

Klebsiella in MAC

A

Mucoid Pink colonies that form a string

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30
Q

Sputum associate with Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Currant jelly-like sputum

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31
Q

Klebsiella causing Granuloma inguinale

A

K. granulomatis

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32
Q

Associated pneumonia with K. pnuemoniae

A

Ventilator associated pneumonia

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33
Q

Associated with Rhinoschleroma

A

K. rhinoscleromatis

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34
Q

Associated with Atrophic Rhinitis or tissue degeneration disease in Nose

A

K. ozonae

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35
Q

Klebsiella that is Indole Positive and Ornithine decarbocylase positive

A

K. ornitholytica

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36
Q

Member of Enterobacteriaciaeae that is Notile and Ornithine positive

A

Enterobacter spp.

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37
Q

Identification of K. pneumoniae

  • MAC:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • Motility:
  • LOA:
  • H2S:
  • PAD:
  • Urease:
A
  • MAC: Mucoid colonies
  • TSIA: A/A
  • IMVC: –++
  • Motility: Nonmotile
  • LOA: +00
  • H2S: Negative
  • PAD: Negative
  • Urease: Positive
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38
Q

Test that differentiate K. pnuemoniae from K. oxytoca

A

Indole

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39
Q

Test that differentiate Klebsiella from Enterobacter

A

Motility
Ornithine Decarboxylation

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40
Q

Yellow pigmented Coliform found in Milk infant formula

A

Chronobacterium sakazaki

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41
Q

Differentiation of E. aerogenes vs. E. cloacea

A

LOA Test
* E. aerogenes: ++0 - Lysine decarboxlation
* E. cloaceae: 0++ - Arginine decarboxylation

42
Q

Identification of Enterobacter spp.

  • MAC:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • Motility:
  • LOA:
  • H2S:
  • Urease:
  • PAD:
A
  • MAC: Pink colonies
  • TSIA: A/A with gas
  • IMVC: 00++ (same with Klebsiella)
  • Motility: Negative
  • LOA: Ornithine Decarboxylase Positive
  • H2S: Negative
  • Urease: Negative
  • PAD: Negative
43
Q

Identification of E. aerogenes

  • MAC:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • Motility:
  • LOA:
  • H2S:
  • Urease:
  • PAD:
A
  • MAC: Pink Colonies
  • TSIA: A/A
  • IMVC: 00++
  • Motility: Motile
  • LOA: ++0
  • H2S: Negative
  • Urease: Negative
  • PAD: Negative
44
Q

Identification of E. cloacea

  • MAC:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • Motility:
  • LOA:
  • H2S:
  • Urease:
  • PAD:
A
  • MAC: Pink Colonies
  • TSIA: A/A
  • IMVC: 00++
  • Motility: Motile
  • LOA: 0++
  • H2S: Negative
  • Urease: Negative
  • PAD: Negative
45
Q

Test that differentiate K. ozoenae from K. rhinoscleromatis

A

Lysine Decarboxylation
* Positive: K. ozaenae
* Negative: K. rhinoscleromatis
Malonate Utilization
* Positive: K. rhinocleromatis
* Negative: K. ozoenae

46
Q

Red pigment produced by S. marcesens

A

Prodigosin

47
Q

Causative agent of Red Milk

A

Serratia marscecens

48
Q

Causes Nursery outbreak neonatal meningitis

A

C. freundii

49
Q

Test that differentiate C. freundii from C. diversus (koseri)

A

H2S
* Positive: C. freundii
* Begative: C. diversus
Indole
* Positive: C. diversus
* Negative: C. freundii

50
Q

Resembles Salmonella

A

Citrobacter

51
Q

Test that differentiate Citrobacter from Salmonella

A

ONPG
* Positive: Citrobacter
* Negative: Salmonella
LDC
* Positive: Salmonella
* Negative: Citrobacter

52
Q

Carrier of S. typhi

A

Mary Mallon

53
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in XLD

A

Red with black centers

54
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in HEA

A

Green with black centers

55
Q

Serologic Test for S. typhi causing Typhoid fever

A

Widal Test

56
Q

Mode of Transmission of Salmonella

A

Ingestion of undercooked poultry and raw eggs

57
Q

Salmonella that ONLY INFECT HUMANS

A

S. typhi
S. paratyphi

58
Q

Causative agent of Typhoid fever

59
Q

Causative agent of Paratyphoid fever

A

S. paratyphi A & B

60
Q

Causative agent of Gastroenteritis

A

S. entritidis

61
Q

Biologically inert type of bacteria

62
Q

Characterized by a Blood type of diarrhea

also with mucos, and pus in the stool

A

Bacillary dysentery/Shigellosis

63
Q

Causative agent of the most severe type of bacillary dysentery

A

Shigella dysentery

64
Q

Test that differentiate Shigella from E. coli

A

Acetate Utilization Test

65
Q

Related to E. coli

66
Q

Test that differentiate S. sonnie from other Shigella spp.

A

Positive: Ornithine Decarboxylation & ONPG

67
Q

Only Shigella that is Mannitol fermentation negative

68
Q

Identification of Shigella

  • Motility:
  • TSIA:
  • IMVC:
  • H2S:
  • LOA:
  • PAD:
  • Urease:
A
  • Motility: Nonmotile
  • TSIA: K/A
  • IMVC: -+–
  • H2S: Negative
  • LOA: —
  • PAD: Negative
  • Urease: Negative
69
Q

Identification of Shigella dysenteriae

  • Mannitol
  • ODC:
  • ONPG:
A
  • Mannitol Negative
  • ODC: Negative
  • ONPG: Negative
70
Q

Identification of Shigella dysenteriae

  • Mannitol
  • ODC:
  • ONPG:
A
  • Mannitol: Positive
  • ODC: Positive
  • ONPG: Positive
71
Q

Serratia spp. that causes contamination of blood bag

A

Serratia liqueficans

72
Q

PAD (+)

A

Proteus
Providencia
Morganella

73
Q

Test that will differentiate Proteus from Providencia & Morganella

A

H2S
* Positive: Proteus
* Negative: Providencia & Morganella

74
Q

Identification of Proteus

  • Culture:
  • Odor:
  • TSIA:
  • H2S:
  • Motility:
  • Methy Red:
  • Decarboxylation Test:
  • Urease:
A
  • Culture: Swarming
  • Odor: Burnt Gun powder/Burnt chocolate odor
  • TSIA: K/A with Gas
  • H2S: Positive
  • Motility: Positive
  • Methy Red: Positive
  • Decarboxylation Test: Lysine & Arginine Negative
  • Urease: Positive
75
Q

Crystal found in urine from Proteus Infection

76
Q

Differentiates P. mirabilis from P. Vulgaris

A

Indole & LOA Decarboxylation test

Indole: Positive - P. vulgaris; Negative - P. mirabilis
LOA: 000 - P. vulgaris; 0+0 - P. mirabilis

77
Q

Only specie of Morganella

A

Morganella Morganii

78
Q

Identification of Morganella morganii

  • IMVC:
  • MAC:
  • TSIA:
  • PAD:
  • Urease:
  • H2S:
  • Citrate
A
  • IMVC: ++–
  • MAC: NLF
  • TSIA: K/A with Gas
  • PAD: Positive
  • Urease: Positive
  • H2S: Negative
  • Citrate: Negative
79
Q

Two major species of Providencia

A

P. rettgeri
P. stuartii

80
Q

identification of Providencia

  • IMVC:
  • TSIA:
  • PAD:
  • Urease:
  • H2S:
  • Motility:
A
  • IMVC: ++-+
  • TSIA: K/A without Gas
  • Citrate: Positive
  • PAD: Positive
  • Urease: Positive
  • H2S: Negative
  • Ferments Mannose
81
Q

Differetiates P. rettgeri from P. stuartii

A

Urease
Fermentation of Adonitol
Fermentation of Arabinose

Urease to mainly differentiate

82
Q

Infective stage to cause Shigellosis

A

<200 bacilli

83
Q

Y. pestis transmission

A

Rat flea bite

84
Q

Scientific name for Rat flea

A

Xenosyplla cheopis

85
Q

Causative agent of Plaque

A

Yersinia pestis

86
Q

Forms of Plaque

A

Bubonic
Pneumonic
Septicemic

87
Q

Culture appearance of Y. pestis in Broth

A

Stalactite Pattern

88
Q

Stain that demonstrate Y. pestis

A

Wayson stain

89
Q

Microscopic appearance of Y. pestis demonstrated by Wayson stain

A

Safety pin appearance with Bipolar bodies

90
Q

Medium for isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica

A

CIN medium

91
Q

Colony appearance of Y. enterocolitica in CIN

A

Bull’s eye appearance

92
Q

Most common Yersinia isolated

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

93
Q

Y. eneterocolitica is motile at ____________________ but not at _______.

A

Motile at 22C (RT) but not at 35C

94
Q

Associated disease of Y. eneterocolitica

A

Appendicitis
Mimic Chron’s disease

95
Q

Disease of Rodents

A

Yersinia pestis

96
Q

Disease of Guine Pigs

A

Yersinia pseudotubercolosis

97
Q

Infection caused by Yersinia psedotubercolosis

A

Mesenteric lymphadenitis

98
Q

Malonate test is most useful in differentiating of which members

A

Salmonella subgroups 2, 3 (the former Arizona)

99
Q

Species of Shigella is most commonly associated with diarrheal disease in the United States

100
Q

Enterobacter sakazakii can best be differentiated from Enterobacter cloacae by which of the following characteristics

A

Yellow Pigmented
Sorbitol Fermentation

E. cloacae is positive sorbitol fermentation

Bacteriology (24 decks)

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