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Bacteriology > Biochemical Tests > Flashcards

Biochemical Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Microdase reagent

A

Tetramethly paraphenylene diamine dihydrochloride

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2
Q

Positive Result in Microdase Test

A

Dark blue

(+) Micrococci

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3
Q

Catalase test reagent

A

3% H2O2

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4
Q

Positive result in Catalase Test

A

Gas formation
Bubbles
Effervescence

(+) Staphylococcus, Micrococcus (-) Streptococcus

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5
Q

Organism detected by Superoxol test

A

Neiserria gonorrhea

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6
Q

Superoxol reagent

A

30% H2O2

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7
Q

Detected in Slide coagulase tets

A

Bound coagulase “Clumping factor”

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8
Q

Detected in Tube coagulase test

A

Free coagulase “Coagulase reacting factor”

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9
Q

If slide coagulase is negative, what test is followed?

A

Tube test

rationale: negative slide must be confirmed with tube test

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10
Q

If tube test is negative, what shoul you do next?

A

Reincubate at RT from 18-24 hrs

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11
Q

Coagulase test reagent

A

EDTA rabbit plasma

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12
Q

Test that differentiate S, aureus from other Staphylococci

A

Coagulase test

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13
Q

Test that differentiate Staphylococci, Micrococci from Streptococci

A

Catalase test

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14
Q

Test that differentiate coagulase negative staphylococci

A

Novobiocin susceptibility test

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15
Q

Positive result of Novobiocin

A

Zone of inhibition > 16 mm

Susceptible - S. epidermidis; Resistant - S. saprophyticus

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16
Q

Positive Result in DNA Hydrolysis

A

Colorless/Clear zone

(+) MASSS: Moraxella, Aeromonas, S. aureus, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas

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17
Q

Positive for PYR Test

A

S. pyogenes
E. faecalis (Enterococci)

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18
Q

Positive result of PYR test

A

Bright Red or Pink-to-Cheryy Red (De lost)

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19
Q

Bacitracin Disk and Units

A

Taxo A with 0.04 units

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20
Q

Differentiate Group A from Group B

A

Bacitracin test

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21
Q

Positive result of Bacitracin test

A

Zone of inhibition >10 mm

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22
Q

End product of Hippurate hydrolysis

A

Glycine and Benzoic acid

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23
Q

Positive result of Hippurate hydrolysis

A

Deep purple

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24
Q

Reagent of SXT susceptibility test

A

1.25 ug

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25
Q

Differemtiate S. agalactiae from S. pyogenes

A

CAMP Test

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26
Q

Organism that its helolysis is enhanced by CAMP factor of S. agalactiae

A

S. aureus

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27
Q

Positive result in CAMP test

A

Enhanced hemolysis with Arrowhead zone of beta hemolysis

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28
Q

Negative test in CAMP test

A

No enahancement of hemolysis

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29
Q

Test used to identify S. agalactiae

A

Hippurate hydroilysis
CAMP test

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30
Q

Causes False positive CAMP test

A

Incubated anaerobically or in capnophilic environment

CAMP test-plate must be placed in an ambient air incubator at 35C to 37C

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31
Q

Meaning of Quellung

A

Swelling

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32
Q

Positive test of Neufeld quellung test

A

Capsulaw swelling

(+) S. pneumoniae, N. meninigitidis

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33
Q

Taxo P disk

A

Optochin test - ethyl hydrocupreine hydrochloride

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34
Q

Taxo P disk concentration

A

0.5 ug/ml

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35
Q

Positive Optochin susceptibility test

A

Zone of inhibition of >14 mm

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36
Q

Confirms for S. pneumoniae after optochin test

A

Bile solubility test

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37
Q

Positive Bile solubility test

A

Lysis of colonies

(+) S. pneumoniae

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38
Q

Differentiate Group D (enterococci & non-enterococci) from Viridans group

A

Bile esculin test

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39
Q

Positive Bile esculine Test

A

Brown-Black precipitate

40
Q

Differentiate Enterococci from Non-enetrococci

A

6.5% NaCl
PYR test

41
Q

Positive 6.5% NaCl test result

A

Visible turbidity

(+) E. faecalis, E. faecium (-) S. bovis

42
Q

Differentiate E. faecalis from E. faecium

A

Pyruvate Broth

(+) E. faecalis (-) E. faecium

43
Q

Positive Pyruvate broth test result

A

Change in color from green-yellow

44
Q

Differentiate E. faecalis from Leuconostoc

A

LAP test

(+) E. faecalis; (-) Leuconostoc

45
Q

Determine gas production during lactose fermentation esp. of Leuconostoc from Pediococcus sp.

A

MRS broth

(+) Leconostoc sp. (-) Pediococcus

46
Q

Differentiate Micrococci from Staphylococci

A

Microdase test

47
Q

Test that detets cytochrome c oxidase

A

Oxidase test

48
Q

Oxidase Test reagent

A

tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride

49
Q

Positive oxidase test result

A

dark purple

50
Q

Ways to perform oxidase test

A
  1. Rub a colony on a paper strip and add reagenr; or
  2. Rub the colony om a piece of paper containing the reagent; or
  3. Put a drop of reagent on the colony
51
Q

Used to remove colony in Oxidase Test

A

Platinum looop or wooden applicator

DO NOT USE NICHROME LOOP - it contains IRON which can give FP result

52
Q

Acetamide Incubation

A

35C for 7 days

53
Q

Positive Acetamide Result

A

Royal Blue

54
Q

Blue Color as Positive Results

Mnemonics: MAAC

A

Malonate Utilization test
Acetamide test
Acetate Utilization test
Citrate utilization test

55
Q

Indicator in Citrate utilization test

A

Bromthymol blue

56
Q

Causes false positive in Citrate

A

Inoculum is heavy

57
Q

Hydrolyzed to form Indole

A

Trytophan

Tryptophase splits tryptophane to form indole

58
Q

Kova’c/Ehrlich reagent

A

p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

59
Q

More preffered reagent in Indole test

A

Ehrlich’s method

It is more sensitive for detecting small amounts of indole

60
Q

Ehrlich’s indole test uses extraction from broth using __________.

A

Ehrlich’s indole test uses extraction from broth using XYLENE.

61
Q

Positive Indole Test

A

Red ring (Pink-to-wine colored ring)

62
Q

Methyl Red Fermentation

A

Mixed acid production - stable acid end product

63
Q

Methyl Red Pathway

A

Acidic Pathway

64
Q

Methyl red is RED at what pH?

A

4.5

65
Q

Positive MR result

A

Bright Red

66
Q

Voges Proskauer (VP) Fermentation

A

Acetoin Fermentation - neutral acid end products

67
Q

VP end products

A

Acetoin/Acetyl methyl carbinol
2,3-butanediol

68
Q

VP Pathway

A

Butylene glycol pathway

69
Q

VP reagent

A

1st: a-naphthol
2nd: 40% KOH/NaOH

70
Q

Positive VP result

A

Red

71
Q

MUG Test Result:
* Positive:
* Negative:

A

MUG Test Result:
* Positive: Electric blue fluorescence
* Negative: lack of fluorescnce

72
Q

Next step when no color develops (negative) in nitrate reduction?

A

Add Zinc dust

73
Q

Use of addition of Zinc dust in Nitrate reduction test

A

Reduces nitrate to nitrite and differentiate FN and TN result.

74
Q

Positive Result after addition of Zinc dust

A

No color

Therefore, FN and indicates that bacteria reduced nitrate NH3, NO2, N2O2

75
Q

Negative Nitrate rediuction after addition of Zinc dust

A

Red Color

76
Q

Test for late lactose fermenter

A

ONPG test

77
Q

Enzyme that is only produced by late lactose fermenters

A

Beta galactosidase

78
Q

An enzyme that change ONPG to orthonitrophenol

A

Beta galactosidase

79
Q

Positive ONPG Test

A

Yellow

80
Q

Biochemical medium for H2S Production

A

TSIA
LIA
SIM

81
Q

TSIA Carbohydrate Composition

A

Glucose - 0.1%
Sucrose - 1%
Lactose - 1%

82
Q

Test that differentiate Enterobacteriaciaeae

A

TSIA

83
Q

KIA Carbohydrate Composition

A

Glucose
Lactose

KIA is same with TSIA except NO SUCROSE

84
Q

Urease Tes Medium

A

Christensen Urea Agar

85
Q

Indicator in Urease Test

A

Phenol Red

86
Q

Products from Hydrolysis if Urea

A

Ammonia and CO2

87
Q

Positive Urease Test

A

Magenta or Pink (pH - 8.1)

88
Q

Positive PAD Test

A

Green Color

89
Q

Moeller’s Method

A

Decarbocylase Test

90
Q

Decarboxylation of Lysine

A

CADAVERINE

91
Q

Deacrboxylation of Ornithine & Arginine

A

Putrescine

92
Q

Arginine is hydrolyzed into ____________ and then into ____________ which is converted into __________.

A

Arginine is hydrolyzed into cetrulline and then into ornithine which is converted into putrescine.

93
Q

Differentiate Klebsiella from Enterobacter

A

Motility
Arginine Decarboxylation

Klebsiella - NM, Negative; Enterobacter - Mitile, Positive

94
Q

Test that differentiates Enterobacter spp.

A

Decarbocylase test

95
Q

Test that differentiates E. tarda from E. coli

A

H2S
Lactose

96
Q

Test to differentiate Citrobacter from salmonella

A

ONPG
Lysine decarboxylase

Bacteriology (24 decks)

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