Goat Industry

Question 1

differences between goats and sheep

Answer 1

goats:
- 60 chroms
- browse feeders
- rear fighting
- lying out young
- undevided top lip
- beards
- sebaceous gland beneath tail
- erect tail
- wattles
sheep:
- 54 chroms
- graze feeders
- back up and charge fighters
- young with ewe
- divided upper lip
- no beards
- hanging tails
- infraorbital, interdigital, inguinal glands
- no wattles

Question 2

types of goat fibres

Answer 2

1. cashmere
2. Mohair

Question 3

goat cashmere properties

Answer 3

• double fleece
• fine soft undercoat
  -coarse guard hairs
  *pashmina goats

Question 4

mohair propertes

Answer 4

• less fine but higher yield
• double fleece
• undercoat longer than outer coat

Question 5

how much does the goat meat industry make in aus every year

Answer 5

$270 million

Question 6

how much does goat milk make each year

Answer 6

$11 million

Question 7

how much does goat fibre make each year -> both types

Answer 7

1. mohair = $1.45 million
2. cashmere = $88,000

Question 8

what is a:
- Buck/billy
- Doe/nanny
- Wether
- Kid
- Buckling
- Goating

Answer 8

buck: adult male
doe: adult female
wether: castrate male
kid: young goat
buckling: male 12-24 months
goatling: female 12-24 months

Question 9

types of goa production systems (3)

Answer 9

1. agricultural (intensive)
2. domestic (extensive)
3. rangeland

Question 10

what are goat depots?

Answer 10

• rangeland goats are rapped and kept in outdoor large pens until slaughter
• short term

Question 11

what is capretto goat meat

Answer 11

• up to 20 weeks
• no secondary sex charactristics
• carcass up to 12kg
• pale pink meat
• milk fed

Question 12

what is kid meat

Answer 12

• no permanent incisors
• no secondary sex characteristics

Question 13

what is chevon/capra meat

Answer 13

• no more than 2 permanent incisors
• no secondary characteristics

Question 14

what is goat meat

Answer 14

• any age
• entire or castrate
• any carcass weight
• skin on or skin off

Question 15

how long does lactation last in goats

Answer 15

• 300 days (2-3L per day)
• 4L/day at peak

Question 16

when are kids weaned

Answer 16

• need mlk for 6 weeks then transition to solids

Question 17

when are goats in oestrus

Answer 17

• 18-21 day cycle
• autumn - winter

Question 18

when are goats first mated

Answer 18

• 17 months old

Question 19

how long s goat gestation

Answer 19

• 150 days (5 months)

Question 20

when does disbudding occur

Answer 20

• up to 7 days
• hot iron
• pain relief if dehorning after 6 months

Question 21

when does castration occur

Answer 21

• before 12 weeks
• ring
• pain relief after 6 months

Question 22

what are goats vaccinated for

Answer 22

• clostridial diseases
• Johne’s disease

Question 23

NLIS tag rules

Answer 23

• right ear = female
• left ear = male
• pink post breeder tag opposite ear
• exempt if on property of birth, straight to slaughter, depots or unweaned

Question 24

goat diseases common

Answer 24

• worms
• coccidioosis
• lice
• meat and milk residues

Question 25

signs of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)

Answer 25

• wasting,
• enlarged painful joints
• pneumonia, mastitis, neurological signs

Question 26

signs of jhone’s disease

Answer 26

• wasting
• diarrhoea

Question 27

wha is the national kid rearing plan

Answer 27

• plan to stop spread of CAE and JD
• national goat health declaration for buying/selling

Question 28

what is GoatMAP

Answer 28

goat market assurance program
- risk for CAE and JD
- buyers can source low risk goats
- sellers demonstrate status
- reduced spread at shows and sales

3 modules:
- GoatBIO
- JDMAP
-CAEMAP