Goat 1

Question 1

multi-purpose goat

Answer 1

-more people eat goat than beef
-more people drink goat milk than cows milk
-hides
-fiber

Question 2

Goat behaviour

Answer 2

-very social; have hierarchy
-like affection
-easily accept humans
-escape/jump
-eat anything
-cannot be driven

Question 3

Goat breeds

Answer 3

> 70breeds; few in Western Canada

Question 4

Saanen

Answer 4

-prolific milker (Holstein of goat world)
-big and white

Question 5

Alpine

Answer 5

-relatively good milker
-white nose with brown body

Question 6

Nubian

Answer 6

-general purpose breed
-good milker
>higher protein and fat
>Roman nose with droopy ears

*floppy ears and milk

Question 7

Toggenburg

Answer 7

-used for milk production and especially cheese. Milk tastes bad!
-recognize by lines on side of face

Question 8

La Mancha

Answer 8

-Small spanish, multi purpose goat

-no ears

-mostly milk, and males used for meat

Question 9

Golden Guernsey

Answer 9

Rarer breed
-high protein and fat milk

Question 10

Boer

Answer 10

-typically white with brown markings

-Standard meat goat

**meat and floppy ears

Question 11

Pygmy

Answer 11

-small and cute
-acreage people love them but no large purpose

Question 12

Cashmere

Answer 12

-used for fiber production
*harvested by brushing not shearing
-mainly in China and Turkey

Question 13

Angora

Answer 13

-high quality fiber production

Question 14

Fainting Goat

Answer 14

-Breed for congenital myotonia
*collapse when frightened= “faint”

Specific competitions

Question 15

Required facilities

Answer 15

-Need Shelter (cold, rain)
-Pen space with fences and good gates because they can escape easily
-Need shade (because don’t sweat)

Question 16

Goat meat

Answer 16

-production same as sheep meat
-Final market: Mediterranean, Mid-eastern, Asian
-producers have to develop their own markets and make arrangements for slaughter

Question 17

Goat milk

Answer 17

-highly digestible
-non-allergenic because different casein proteins
-amino acid protein similar to humans
-Naturally homogenized
-low in folate, B12, lactose
-accepted as being good for babies

Question 18

Milk production

Answer 18

-Same as cattle; parlors and milking machine with 2 cups, and vacuum set for goats
-But Seasonal breeders so difficult to have milk production in winter

Question 19

Blood in the milk

Answer 19

-common
-caused by ruptured blood vessels in the udder due to normal post-partum, kid trauma, mastitis

Question 20

Problems in milk production

Answer 20

Taint
-Bucks (smelly and cause females to pick up smell and pass to milk)
-certain feeds (wild onions, pine needles)
-Exposure to UV light (breaks down goat milk fat)
-Breed= Toggenburg
-Chemical odors

**not due to hygiene/bacterial issue because goats are very clean

Question 21

How to prevent taint?

Answer 21

-Supplement vitamin E (anti-oxidant)
-Pasteurization
-Rapid cooling

Question 22

Abnormalities of milk production

Answer 22

-witch’s milk
-maidens milk
-Gynacomastia
-run through
-stimulation of milking

Question 23

Witch’s milk

Answer 23

milk from very young (neonatal) females
-maternal hormones at placenta trigger pre puberty in young

Question 24

Maiden’s milk

Answer 24

milk from females in puberty
-response to hormones at puberty

Question 25

Gynacomastia

Answer 25

-lactation in the buck
-may get mastitis
-don’t want to milk them because taint

Question 26

Run through

Answer 26

continue lactating even without breeding

Question 27

Milk stimulation

Answer 27

mature dry goat, put in pen with goat kid’s and will begin producing

Question 28

Body condition scoring Goats

Answer 28

-Difficult; fat stored in abdomen, goats always look skinny

-Look at lumbar region and brisket

Question 29

Normal BCS

Answer 29

Kid: 3-3.5

Mid lactation: 2

Dry off: 2-3.5

Question 30

Avg milk production

Answer 30

10 month production period
-10lb per day
-3000-3500 lbs in lactation

Question 31

Typical Kid procedures

Answer 31

1. Castration
2. Disbudding
3. De-scenting

Question 32

Kid castration

Answer 32

-difficult, scrotum is shorter than sheep
-completed at 24hrs of age

Question 33

Disbudding goats

Answer 33

-difficult; 2 nerves (and nerve blocks) and skull is very thin
>close to toxic dose of lidocaine
>cornual branch of infratrochlear nerve and lacrimal nerve
-done in first 5 days of life

Question 34

De-scenting

Answer 34

-completed at same as de-horning
-scent glands on top of head near horns

Question 35

Reproduction

Answer 35

-puberty at 5 mths; don’t breed until 8mths

-seasonal breeders

-estrus: 21 days cycle, 36hrs estrus
*signs related to buck exposure; can use billy rags

Question 36

Goat medications

Answer 36

-almost everything is extra label
-need to be careful with producers because it will get in milk
*milk production companies test for antibiotics not parasiticides

Question 37

Common disease of goats

Answer 37

-Caseous lymphadenitis
-CAE
-Johne’s
-Parasites
-Clostridial
-Mastitis
-Abortion

Question 38

Caseous lymphadenitis

Answer 38

-lesions occur around head

Question 39

Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis

Answer 39

-retrovirus infection spread in milk

1.Young get arthritis
2. Older get encephalitis and mastitis

Question 40

Parasites

Answer 40

1. Roundworms
   -typically infections are more severe
   -never mix with sheep

Question 41

Mastitis

Answer 41

**rare because goats are quite clean
-peracute gangrene mastitis=lymphocytic infiltrate
=hard/blue bag