goal setting

Question 1

what is an objective goal

Answer 1

• attaining a high specific standard within a specified time limit

Question 2

what is a subjective goal

Answer 2

• general statement of intent

Question 3

outcome goals -
- what are they
- an eg
- advantages
- disadvantages

Answer 3

• Focus on the outcomes/competitive results of particular events
• Winning the world cup
  • Facilitate motivation away from competition
  • Often uncontrollable
  • Can increase anxiety or negative thoughts
  • Can distract from performance

Question 4

performance goals-
- what are they
- an eg

Answer 4

• specify end products of a performance
• Eg. Finish round of golf 2 under par

Question 5

process goals-
- what are they
- an eg.

Answer 5

• Specify behaviours/actions (regarding form, technique, strategy) in which the performer will engage in during performance
• Staying focussed, maintaining power, effort the whole game

Question 6

advantages and disadvantages of performance and process goals

Answer 6

• More controllable
• Less dependable on opponents
• Gain confidence
• Can lead to overthinking and anxiety (performance goals)
• Difficult to prioritise them

Question 7

what is the direct mechanist view of goal setting

Answer 7

• goals influence performance in 1 of 4 ways
  1- Direct attention to important elements
  2- Mobilise efforts
  3- Prolong persistence
  4- Foster development of new strategies

Question 8

what is the indirect thought-process view of goal setting

Answer 8

• goals are set, leads to changes in psychological factors such as-
  1- Lower anxiety
  2- Greater confidence
  3- Improved self regulation
  4- Better at coping with failure
• and performance is improved

Question 9

what is the smart principle

Answer 9

specific- clear and concise aim
measureable- can measure when goal is met, and progress towards
attainable- not impossible, not to easy
relevent- is it at the right time and will it be worth it
time-based- start and end date to create motivation and urgency

Question 10

12 goal setting principles

Answer 10

1- Set specific goals
2- Set moderately difficult but realistic goals
3- Set long and short-term goals
4- Set performance, progress and outcome goals
5- Set mastery approach vs performance-avoidance goals
6- Set practice and competition goals
7- Record goals
8- Develop goal achievement strategies
9- Consider participant’s personalities and motivations
10- Foster an individuals goal commitment
11- Provide goal support
12- Provide evaluation and feedback on goals

Question 11

problems goal setting

Answer 11

• People often do not adhere to the principles so arent effective
• they arent set in the first place
• Unrealistic goals (time frame wrong, too hard/easy)
• Failing to adjust difficulty and deadline (too rigid)
• Failing to recognise individual differences (everyone’s goals must be different)
• Not evaluating and forgetting about goals after they’ve been set