GNCB/small GNB - Haemophilus Flashcards
an additive rich in X and V factors which is typically included in BHIB (Brain Heart Infusion Broth)
FILDES
List the HACEK speccies
- H. parainfluenzae
- Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
- Cardiobacterium (C. hominis predominates)
- Eikenella corrodens
- Kingella spp.
Haemophilus from CSF - drugs of choice?
- Amp
- Chloramphenicol
- 3rd gen cephalosporin
- Meropenem
Chancroid (STI)
Haemophilus ducreyi
3 genuses.
Found in oral cavity flora of humans => dental manipulation leading to endocarditis
- Actinobacillus
- Kingella
- Cardiobacterium
Haemophilus that causes pink eye
H. aegyptius
Acronym for slow growing small gnb/ gncb that are occasionally isolated in SBE sub-acture bacterial endocarditis
HACEK
Makes its own V factor but not its own X factor
H. ducreyi
Epiglottitis in un-vaccinated childre 2-7 years old and males 20-30 years old
Haemophilus influenzae type b
this species of Haemophilus does not satellite but requires increased incubation time and moisture to grow and when it finally does, may be weakly BH on BAP; s/ gncb in parallel clusters (“school of fish”) and is neg in porphyrin
DUCREYI
the abbreviation for the substrate delta-aminolevulinic acid; one of the end products detected is porphyrin (Wood’s lamp UV wavelength 360 nm); theother is porphobilinogen (detected using Kovac’s)
ALA
1 organism:
BAP/SS: NH, satellites
TSA/SS: satellites
H. parainfluenzae
Meningitis in Hib vaccinated 3 year old
Haemophilus influnzae type a or f
Pasteurella multocida oxidase and indole?
OX: POS
Indole: Strong POS
Clinical significance of type b (Hib)?
- Meningitis
- Epiglottis
- Pneumonia/septicemia
2 words - an increase in invasive disease seen with this Haemophilus since the introduction of Hib immunization
TYPE F
Drug of choice for infections in all sites if strain is susceptible
AMPICILLIN
a sharp decline in this invasive disease in children since the introduction of Hib immunization
MENINGITIS
Organism associated with animal bites and scratches
Pasteurella multocida
Purpose of nystatin in TH media
Inhibit fungi
Organisms that produce ________ will fluoresce brick-red using the Wood’s lamp when performing the ALA test
X factor
if positive in this test, the H. influenzae strain is resistant to ampcillin via a beta-lactamase
CEFINASE
Haemophilus requires this specialized media for standardized Kirby-Bauer susceptibility testing
Haemophilus Test Media (HTM)
abbreviation for the true identitiy of V factor
NAD
Bronchitis in adult
non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae
This small gnb grows well on BAP/CO2 as decent-sized colonies but not on MAC. Infections are usually associated with a cat or dog bite or scratch (wound infection) but can get into the lungs and cause pneumonia.
PASTEURELLA
term used to describe H. influenzae that have the PRP (polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate) capsule; includes the most invasive strains
TYPEABLE
this layer is pink in a positive porphyrin test
AQUEOUS
Small gnb/gncb causing sub-acute bacterial endocarditis
HACEK group
true identity of one of the compounds found by lyzing red blood cells - known as X factor
HEMATIN
What’s HTM composed of?
MH media with added:
- yeast extract
- hematin
- NAD
How are BLNAR strains detected?
AST by an MIC method
This species of Haemophilus will be BH satelliting on BAP and POS in Pophyrin test
PARAHEMOLYTICUS
2 organisms:
POS in porphyrin (ALA positive)
- H. parainfluenzae
- H. parahaemolyticus
abbreviation for the media used for standardized AST of Haemophilus; incubate in CO2 for 16-18 hrs
HTM
BAP/SS/CO2: +4 NH sm-ppt, satellites s/gncb, small gnb
CHOC/CO2: +4 sm beige-tan dry s/ gncb, small gnb
ALA: POS
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
This acronym is used to describe H. influenzae strains that lack the beta-lactamase but have chromosomally-mediated altered PBP; this mechanism of resistance would not be picked up by a cefinase test
BLNAR
Haemophilus mechanism of ampicillin resistance?
By beta-lactamase via plasmid
This large fusiform gnb is a strict capnophile. The canimorsus species exhibits colonies that spread gently away from the streak line because of gliding motility and is associated with life-threatening infections following dog-bites.
CAPNOCYTOPHAGA
Difference between H. influenzae and a BLNAR strain
BLNAR has a chromosomally-mediated altered binding site for ampicillin
This species of Aggregatibacter (once part of the haemophili) doesn’t require X and is variable for V.
APHROPHILUS
if this specimen grew H. influenzae you would perform AST for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, a 3rd gen ceph and meropenem
CSF
Paesteurella multocida growth on BAP, CHOC, MAC?
BAP: G
CHOC: G
MAC: NG
Can cause pneumonia in an elderly patient
H. influenzae NON-TYPEABLE
this upper layer is pink if the reaction in the ALA test is due to indole
SOLVENT
What does BLNAR stand for?
Beta-lactamase negative ampicillin-resistant
The conjugate vaccine introduced in 1987 is effective against this strain (abbreviation) FYI conjugated to protein to improve immunogenicity
HIB
Clinical significance of nontypeaable virulence adhesins?
- Otitis media
- Sinusitis
- Pneumonia/bronchitis
NH small gncb/small gnb that requires V factor but not X factor may be reported from sputum as a potential cause of..?
Pneumonia (H. parainfluenzae)
2 organisms:
Require both X and V
- H. influenzae
- H. haemolyticus
Why is it routine to do cefinase ASAP for Haemophilus?
Because drug of choice = ampicillin
