Gluteal Region Flashcards
Boundaries of the gluteal region
Superior- crest of the illium
Medial- sacrum and coccyx
Inferior - Sacrotuberous ligament, and ischial tuberosity
Lateral - greater trochanter
Cutaneous innervation of the gluteal region
Superior cluneals from dorsal rami of the first 3 lumbar nerves
Middle cluneals from dorsal rami of first 3 sacral nerves
Inferior cluneals from posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Branches of the subcostal T12 iliohypogastric, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve may also reach the area
Muscles of the gluteal region involvement
Involved primarily with abduction and lateral rotation of the thigh
Innervation of gluteal region
Innervation of these muscles are by the superior and inferior gluteal nerves and smaller branches of the lumbosacral plexus
Sacrotuberous ligament
Extends from the posterior inferior iliac spine, sacrum, and coccyx to the ischial tuberosity
Sacrospinous ligament
Extends from the sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine
It is anterior to the sacrotuberous ligament
Which ligaments transform the greater and lesser sciatic notch into foramina
Sacrotuberous ligament
Sacrospinous ligament
Gluteus maximus
O- illium posterior to the posterior gluteal line, sacrum sacrotuberous ligament, coccyx
I- gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial band
N- inferior gluteal nerve
A- extends the thigh when running, and climbing, sit to stand, laterally rotates hip
Piriformis
O- pelvic surface of the sacrum
I- greater trochanter
N- nerve to piriformis
A- lateral rotation and extension of thigh
Gluteus medius
O- ilium between iliac crest and superior gluteal line
I- greater trochanter
N- superior gluteal nerve
A- abducts and medially rotates thigh
Obturator internus
O- obturator membrane
I- greater trochanter
N- nerve to obturator internus
A- laterally rotates and extends thigh
Superior gemellus
O- ischial spine
I- greater trochanter
N- nerve to obturator internus
A- laterally rotates and extends thigh
Inferior gemellus
O- ischial tuberosity
I- greater trochanter
N- nerve to quadratus femoris
A- laterally rotates and extends thigh
Quadratus femoris
O- ischial tuberosity
I- intertrochanteric crest
N- nerve to quadratus femoris
A- laterally rotates and extends thigh
Gluteus minimus
O- ilium between superior and inferior gluteal lines
I- greater trochanter
N- superior gluteal nerve
A- abduct and medially rotate the thigh
Obturator externus
O- obturator membrane
I- trochanteric fossa
N- obturator nerve
A- adduct and laterally rotate thigh
Tensor fascia lata
O- iliac crest
I- iliotibial band
N- superior gluteal nerve
A- abducts and flexes thigh
Superior gluteal nerve and vessels passage
Pass through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis
Superior gluteal vessels provide superficial branches to the gluteus maximus
pass between the gluteus medius and minimus to reach the tensor fascia lata
Inferior gluteal nerve and vessel passage
Exit the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis and enter the deep surface of the gluteus maximus
Medial to sciatic nerve
Sciatic nerve and vessels passage
Passes through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
Descends posterior to the obturator internus , gemelli, and quadratus femoris to enter the thigh
Posterior femoral cutaneous, nerve passage
Runs medial to the sciatic nerve
Supplies cutaneous information to the posterior thigh
Rotators of the gluteal region
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris
Trochanteric bursa
Large bursa, fluid filled sac
Some elderly people will have inflammation of this site and report hip pain during ambulation
Greater trochanter and iliotibial band
Iliotibial band can rub past the greater trochanter as you walk
Often called snapping hip syndrome
Click in the hip
Pudendal nerve passage
Comes out underneath the piriformis in the greater sciatic foramen, and then passing into the lesser sciatic foramen
Nerve to obturator internus passage
Coming out to the greater sciatic foramen , then in through the lesser sciatic foramen to supply the muscle fibers on the inside of the pelvis
Nerve to quadratus femoris passage
Deep to sciatic nerve
Deep to gemelli, obturator internus and quadratus femoris
Sciatic nerve two distinct parts
Tibial component- medially located
Common peroneal or common fibula component - more laterally placed
Superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery supplies what
Inferior surface of the gluteus maximus and the top half of gluteus Maximus
Deep branch of the superior glueteal artery passage
Pass between gluteus minimus and gluteus medius
Lateral circumflex artery
Pass anteriorly to the femur
Medial femoral circumflex artery
Pass posteriorly
