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MSS - MSK Exam 3 > Gluteal and Posterior Femoral Regions > Flashcards

Gluteal and Posterior Femoral Regions Flashcards

1
Q

piriformis

A

attached to the sacrum

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2
Q

greater and lesser sciatic notches form what?

A

foramen because there are ligaments
-sacrotubrerous ligament

-becomes greater and lesser sciatic foramina

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3
Q

gluteal region?

A

superficial and deep layers

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4
Q

superficial gluteal muscles?

A

gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fascia latae

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5
Q

attachments of gluteus maximus

A

origin:
between posterior crest of ilium and posterior gluteal line and sacrotuberous ligament

insertion:
gluteal tuberosity of femur and IT tract

**has distal tendon on IT tract

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6
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extension, lateral rotation of thigh

action at ITT with tensor fascia latae stabilizes the knee

important in going up stairs or getting up from a sitting position

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7
Q

innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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8
Q

attachments of gluteus medius

A

origin:
ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

insertion:
greater trochanter of femur

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9
Q

deltoid of the lower limb

A

gluteal muscles

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10
Q

action of gluteus medius?

A

abduction of thigh
posterior fibers - laterally rotate thigh (w/ gluteus maximus)
anterior fibers - medially rotate thigh (w/ gluteus minimus)

levels sacral base when opposite limb is unsupported

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11
Q

innervation of gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

attachments of gluteus minimus?

A

origin:
ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

insertion:
greater trochanter of femur - anterior surface

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13
Q

action of gluteus minimus?

A

abduction and medial rotation of thigh

acts with gluteus medius in leveling sacral base

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14
Q

paralyze the L5

A

sacral base drops

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15
Q

attachment of tensor fascia latae?

A

origin:
anterior outer portion of iliac crest next to ASIS

insertion:
via IT tract to lateral tibial condyle

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16
Q

action of tensor fascia latae?

A

abducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

by tensing IT tract maintains knee extended

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17
Q

innervation of tensor fascia latae?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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18
Q

muscles of deep gluteal region?

A 
piriformis
gemellus superior
obturator internus
gemellus inferior
quadratus femoris

**lateral rotation

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19
Q

tensor fascia latae with straight leg?

A

flex and medially rotate

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20
Q

tensor fascia latae

A

always working with other muscles

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21
Q

attachment of piriformis

A

origin:
anterior surface of sacrum, lateral to anterior sacral foramina

insertion:
greater trochanter of femur

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22
Q

action of piriformis

A

abduction of thigh, lateral rotation

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23
Q

innervation to piriformis?

A

nerve to piriformis

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24
Q

attachments of gemellus superior?

A

origin:
ischial spine

insertion:
tendon of obturator internus (greater trochanter)

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25
Q

action of gemellus superior?

A

lateral rotation of thigh

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26
Q

innervation of gemellus superior?

A

nerve to obturator internus

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27
Q

all to greater trochanter?

A

gemellus superior and inferior

obturator internus

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28
Q

attachments of obturator internus

A

origin:
internal surface of obturator membrane and margins of oburator foramen

insertion:
greater trochanter

29
Q

action of obturator internus?

A

lateral rotation and some abduction of thigh

30
Q

innervation of obturator internus?

A

nerve to obturator internus

31
Q

attachments of gemellus inferior

A

origin:
ischial tuberosity near margin of lesser sciatic notch

insertion:
tendon of obturator internus (greater trochanter)

32
Q

action of gemellus inferior?

A

lateral rotation of thigh

33
Q

innervation of gemellus inferior?

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

34
Q

attachments of quadratus femoris

A

origin:
ischial tuberosity

insertion:
area midway between trochanter on posterior surface of femur

35
Q

action of quadratus femoris

A

lateral rotation of thigh

36
Q

innervation of quadratus femoris

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

37
Q

muscles of posterior femoral compartment?

A

biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus

38
Q

attachment of biceps femoris?

A

origin:
long head - ischial tuberosity
short head - middle third lateral lip linea aspera of femur

insertion:
lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula

39
Q

action of biceps femoris?

A

long head - extends thigh, flexes leg

short head - flexes leg

40
Q

innervation of biceps femoris?

A

long head - tibial component of sciatic nerve

short head - common fibular nerve

41
Q

attachments of semimembranosus

A

origin:
ischial tuberosity

insertion:
posterior surface, medal condyle of tibia

42
Q

action of semimembranosus

A

extends thigh, flexes leg and medially rotates leg when knee flexed

43
Q

attachments of semitendinosus

A

origin:
ischial tuberosity

insertion:
medial anterior surface of tibia below condyle

44
Q

action of semitendinosus

A

extends thigh

flexes and medially rotates leg when knee is flexed

45
Q

innervation of semitendinosus

A

tibial component of sciatic nerve

46
Q

what forms the pes anserinus?

A

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

same actions on knee
-flexion and medial rotation of tibia when tibia flexed

47
Q

superior gluteal artery

A

branch of internal iliac artery

passes from pelvic cavity to gluteal area through the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis

48
Q

vessels around piriformis?

A

superior gluteal and inferior gluteal

49
Q

superficial branch of superior gluteal artery?

A

to gluteus maximus

50
Q

deep branch of superior gluteal artery?

A

divides into superior and inferior branches
-both travel between gluteus medius and minimus

superior branch - tensor fascia lata fossa
inferior branch - trochanteric fossa

51
Q

inferior gluteal artery?

A

branch of internal iliac artery

passes to gluteal area from pelvic cavity via greater sciatic foramen INFERIOR to piriformis

52
Q

muscular branch of inferior gluteal artery?

A

to gluteus maximus and muscles in area of ischial tuberosity

53
Q

largest peripheral nerve in body?

A

sciatic nerve

54
Q

inferior gluteal artery anastomosis?

A

branches to cruciate anastomosis

55
Q

branches of inferiour gluteal artery?

A

muscular, anastomosis branch, branch to sciatic nerve, coccygeal, cutaneous

56
Q

coccygeal branch of inferior gluteal artery?

A

pierce sacrotuberous ligament to gain gluteus maximus and subcutaneous region over coccyx

57
Q

cutaneous branch of inferior gluteal artery?

A

accompanies posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

58
Q

vasculature of posterior femoral compartment?

A

perforating vessels of profunda femoral artery and vein

59
Q

sacral plexus

A

ventral rami spinal nerves L 4,5 S 1,2,3

motor and cutaneous innervation to lower limb, muscles of pelvus and perineum, and skin of perineum

60
Q

nerves to gluteal area

A

pass from sacral plexus as neurovasacular bundles to deep side of muscles

61
Q

need to know courses of what?

A

superior and inferior gluteal and sciatic nerves***

62
Q

superior gluteal nerve

A

L4,5 S1
originates in sacral plexus
exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen ABOVE piriformis muscle in company with superior gluteal artery and vein

courses between gluteus medius and minimus

innervates gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia latae

63
Q

inferior gluteal nerve?

A

L5 S1,2
originates from sacral plexus, exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen ANTERIOR to piriformis in company with sciatic, pudenal, and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves, inferior gluteal and internal pudenal vessels

passes directly into gluteus maximus which it innervates

64
Q

sciatic nerve

A

L 4,5 S 1,2,3
largest peripheral nerve of body and principal nerve of sacral plexus

passes directly into gluteus maximus which it innervates

exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, passing anteriorly and sometimes through substance of piriformis

65
Q

two components of sciatic nerve?

A

tibial

common fibular

66
Q

tibial nerve?

A

component of sciatic nerve

-composed of anterior divisions of ventral rami, spinal nerves L4-S3

67
Q

common fibular nerve?

A

component of sciatic nerve

-composed of posterior divisions of ventral rami, spinal nerves L4-S2

68
Q

sciatic nerve

A

page 263!!

MSS - MSK Exam 3 (16 decks)

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