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MSS - MSK Exam 3 > Femoral Triangle, Adductor Canal, Vessels and Nerves of the Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Femoral Triangle, Adductor Canal, Vessels and Nerves of the Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A 
superior - inguinal ligament
medial - lateral border of adductor longus
lateral - medial border of sartorius
roof - fascia lata (deep fascia)
floor - pectineus, iliopsoas
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2
Q

contents of femoral triangle?

A

femoral nerve as it divides into cutaneous and motor branches

femoral artery with its branches

femoral vein

lymphatics

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3
Q

lateral to medial in femoral triangle?

A

NAVL

nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics

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4
Q

femoral sheath

A

prolongation of the transversalis fascia (of abdomen)

-contains femoral artery and vein

nerve NOT in the sheath

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5
Q

femoral canal

A

medial to femoral vein
-deep inguinal lymph node can usually be found here

fat or intestines my protrude - site of femoral hernia

at the femoral ring

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6
Q

where does femoral nerve course?

A

groove formed where iliacus and psoas major muscles join

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7
Q

adductor canal

A

connects the femoral triangle with the popliteal fossa

begins at apex of femoral triangle and passes inferiorly until it reaches an opening in the adductor magnus tendon (adductor hiatus) which communicates with the popliteal fossa

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8
Q

boundaries of the adductor canal?

A

anteromedial - sartorius and vastoadductor membrane

anterolateral - vastus medialis

posterior - adductor longus superiorly, adductor magnus inferiorly

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9
Q

contents of adductor canal?

A

femoral artery
femoral vein
motor nerves of vastus medialis (from femoral)
saphenous nerve (from femoral nerve)

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10
Q

as femoral artery and vein enter adductor canal?

A

artery comes anterior to vein

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11
Q

nerves in adductor canal?

A

DO NOT exit adductor hiatus

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12
Q

nerve to vastus medialis?

A

pierces muscle while in canal

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13
Q

saphenous nerve

A

pierces wall (vasoadductor membrane) of adductor canal to become cutaneous

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14
Q

descending genicular artery?

A

branches from femoral artery while in the canal and accompanies saphenous nerve

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15
Q

beginning of the femoral artery?

A

continuation of external iliac artery

until INGUINAL LIGAMENT

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16
Q

course of femoral artery

A

femoral triangle to adductor canal

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17
Q

end of the femoral artery?

A

after exits adductor hiatus, becomes the popliteal artery

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18
Q

branches of the femoral artery?

A

superficial circumflex iliac artery
superficial epigastric artery
superficial external pudendal artery
deep external pudendal artery

these branches are superior and considered in the units of abdomen and perineum***

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19
Q

deep femoral artery

A

arises posterolaterally from femoral artery

20
Q

branches of deep femoral artery?

A

lateral femoral circumflex
medial femoral circumflex
perforating arteries

21
Q

lateral femoral circumflex artery

A

arises from deep femoral artery laterally on surface of ilicus muscle and provides three branches

22
Q

three branches of lateral femoral circumflex artery

A

ascending
transverse
descending

23
Q

ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

A

ascends deep to tensor fascia lata muscle

24
Q

transverse branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

A

winds around femur within the substance of the vastus laterails to anastomose with medial femoral circumflex artery, inferior gluteal artery, and first perforating artery

**cruciate anastomosis

25
Q

descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

A

descends on surface of vastus lateralis and ultimately participates with other arteries in genicular anastomosis

26
Q

medial femoral circumflex artery

A

arises medially from deep femoral and dives between psoas and pectineus muscles

supplies adductor muscles medially and gives a branch to the acetabulum and head of femur

posteriorly it supplies the deep lateral rotators of the thigh (deep gluteal area) and ends by participating in cruciate anastomosis

27
Q

perforating arteries?

A

1-4

arise from lateral surface of deep femoral artery, pierce adductor magnus muscle and pass posterior to the femur to end within the substance of the vastus lateralis muscle

muscular branches may arise from any of the perforating arteries to supply posterior femoral compartment musculature

28
Q

descending genicular artery

A

arises from femoral artery just before it passes through the adductor hiatus and divides

29
Q

division of the descending genicular artery

A

articular branch

saphenous branch

30
Q

articular branch of descending genicular artery

A

penetrates the substance of vastus medialis muscle and participates in genicular anastomosis

31
Q

saphenous branch of descending genicular artery

A

pierces vasoadductor membrane with saphenous nerve

distributes to subQ areas of upper medial portion of leg

32
Q

femoral vein

A

continuation of popliteal vein superior to adductor hiatus

receives tributaries which are vena comitantes of branches of femoral artery and greater saphenous vein of femoral triangle

33
Q

obturator artery

A

branch of internal iliac artery
passes from pelvic cavity to thigh via obturator canal

remains deep to obturator externus muscles

34
Q

branches of obturator artery

A

anterior
posterior
acetabular

35
Q

acetabular branch of obturator artery?

A

provides branches to acetabulum and an artery to the head of femur via ligamentum teres femoris

36
Q

ligamentum teres femoris

A

provides acetabular branch artery to head of femur

37
Q

anterior and posterior branches of obturator artery?

A

anastomose and provide branches to medial femoral muscles

38
Q

obturator vein

A

parallels course of obturator artery

receives as tributaries the vena comitantes of obturator artery

is a tributary of the internal iliac vein

39
Q

femoral nerve

A

ventral rami of L2,3,4

-from lumbar plexus

40
Q

course of femoral nerve

A

exits pelvis deep to inguinal ligament in groove between iliacus and psoas major muscles

passes through femoral triangle lateral to femoral vessels

while in femoral triangle, provides intermediate and medial femoral cutaneous branches and motor branches to pectinus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus muscles, and articularis genu

41
Q

what two branches of femoral nerve enter adductor canal?

A

motor branch to vastus medialis and saphenous nerve L4

does something cool?? page 249

42
Q

obturator nerve

A

ventral rami of L 2,3,4

-from lumbar plexus

43
Q

course of obturator nerve?

A

exits the pelvis by passing through the obturator canal, opening in obturator membrane

divides into two branches as it meets adductor brevis

44
Q

anterior division of obturator nerve?

A

goes anterior to adductor brevis and deep to adductor longus

innervates adductor longus and brevis, gracilis, and sometimes the pectineus

also sends branch to hip joint an a cutaneous nerve to medial surface of thigh

45
Q

posterior division of obturator nerve?

A

deep to adductor brevis on the surface of the adductor magnus

innervates obturator externus muscle and a portion of the adductor magnus

sends an articular branch to knee joint

MSS - MSK Exam 3 (16 decks)

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