Glucolisis Flashcards

1
Q

Glucolisis

A

Primera fase de respiración celular
Degrada glucosa
Forma piruvato, ATP y NADH

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2
Q

Reacciones de glucolisis

A
  • Glucosa
    Hexocinasa (-1 ATP)
  • Glucosa-6-fosfato
    Fosfoglucosa isomerasa
  • Fructosa-6-fosfato
    PFK1(-1 ATP)
  • Fructosa-1,6-bifosfato
    Aldolasa
  • Fosfato de dihidroxiacetona y Gliceroaldegido-3-fosfato
    Triofosfato isomerasa
  • Gliceroaldehido-3-fosfato
    GA3P deshidrogenasa (+1 NADH)
  • Glicerato-1,3-bifosfato
    Fosfogliceratocinasa (+1 ATP)
  • Glicerato-3-fosfato
    Fosfoglicerato mutasa
  • Glicerato-2-fosfato
    Endolasa
  • Fosfoenolpiruvato
    Piruvato cinasa
  • Piruvato
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3
Q

¿Qué se obtiene de la glucolisis?

A

4 ATP
2 NADH
2 piruvatos

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4
Q

Reacciones de glucolisis que generan ATP

A

Fosfogliceratocinasa (Forma Glicerato-3-fosfato)
Piruvato cinasa (Forma piruvato)

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5
Q

Reacciones de glucolisis que forman NADH

A

GA3P deshidrogenasa (Forma Glicerato-1,3-bifosfato)

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6
Q

Enzimas reguladoras de glucolisis

A

Hexocinasa
PFK 1
Piruvato cinasa

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7
Q

Hexocinasa

A

Entrada de glucosa y evita que salga
4 versiones: Hexocinasa 1, 2, 3 y Glucocinasa

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8
Q

Hexocinasa 1, 2 y 3

A

Inhibidas por glucosa-6-fosfato (producto)

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9
Q

Glucocinasa

A

Regulada por inducción de insulina
Baja afinidad por glucosa
Solo en hepatocitos
Control más fino

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10
Q

PFK 1

A

Efectores negativos: ATP, citrato y pH bajo
Efectores positivos: AMP, fructosa-2,6-bifosfato y fosfato inorgánico

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11
Q

Piruvato cinasa

A

Efector positivo: Fructosa-1,6-bifosfato
Efector negativo: Alanina

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12
Q

Inhibidor de GA3P deshidrogenasa

A

Arsenico, sustituye fosforo inorgánico

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13
Q

Lanzadera glicerol/fosfato

A

NADH a FADH
Aporta 3 ATP

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14
Q

Lanzadera malato/aspartato

A

NADH se mantine igual
Aporta 5 ATP

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15
Q

NADH en ATPs

A

1 NADH= 2.5 ATP

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16
Q

FADH en ATPs

A

1 FADH2= 1.5 ATP

17
Q

Cuando ATP genera una glucosa

A

30-32 ATP