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Pharmacology > Glucagon > Flashcards

Glucagon Flashcards

0
Q

Actions (3)

A
  1. Elevates blood glucose by converting liver glycogen into glucose
  2. Positive inotropic and chronotropic effect on the heart
  3. relaxes smooth muscle
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1
Q

Drug classification

A

Hyperglycemic agent (pancreatic hormone that RAISES blood sugar)

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2
Q

Indication (2)

A
  1. Altered level of consciousness when hypoglycemia is suspected and an IV cannot be established
  2. Adjuvant treatment of toxic effects of calcium channel blocker or beta blocker overdose
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3
Q

Contraindication

A

None

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4
Q

Adverse effects - cardiovascular (2)

A

Tachycardia

Hypertension

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5
Q

Adverse effects - neurological

A

Dizziness

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6
Q

Adverse effects - gastrointestinal

A

Nausea/vomiting

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7
Q

Administration- hypoglycemia

A

1mg IM.

May repeat every 20 minutes x 2

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8
Q

Administration - overdose

A

3mg IVP

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9
Q

Pediatrics

A

1mg IM if known diabetic,

May repeat every 20 minutes x 2

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10
Q

Onset

A

5-20 min

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11
Q

Duration

A

15-30 min

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12
Q

Precaution

In emergencies, D50W is the drug of choice

A

Rationale

Use glucagon only if you cannot start an IV

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13
Q

Precaution

Be prepared to protect airway in unconscious patients

A

Rationale

May result in aspiration if vomiting occurs

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14
Q

Precaution

Place patient in recovery position

A

Rationale

May result in aspiration if vomiting occurs

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15
Q

Precaution

Observe for changes in LOC

A

Rationale

Only effective if liver glycogen is available.

May be ineffective in chronic hypoglycemia starvation or renal or hepatic insufficiency

16
Q

Precaution

Mix glucagon powder only with diluent that is supplied

A

Rationale

Precipitate will form of mixed with normal saline

17
Q

Precaution

Monitor vital signs

A

Rationale

May cause hypertension

18
Q

Note

A

Glucagon can be used as an adjuvant treatment for the toxic effects of calcium channel blockers or beta blocker overdoses

Glucagon may be of benefit for foreign body obstructions in the esophagus

19
Q

How supplied

A

1 mg powder for injection vial with 1 mL diluent

20
Q

806

A

Al

Pharmacology (32 decks)

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