Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
1
Q
glomerulonephritis
A
- glomerular inflammation
- different types
2
Q
what is the type we focus on?
A
acute postinfectious (proliferative) glomerulonephritis
3
Q
acute postinfectious (proliferative) glomerulonephritis
A
- common type
- usually in children (95% recover) but not restricted (can occur in adults, 1/3 will develop renal failure)
- type 3 HS reaction (viral or bacterial trigger)
- preceded by pharyngeal or dermal infection (7-12 days)
- Ab-Ag complex attaches to walls of the capillaries
4
Q
type 3 HS reaction (viral or bacterial trigger)
A
Ab-Ag complex is deposited in the glomerular capillaries
5
Q
expand more on the fact that it’s preceded by pharyngeal or dermal infection
A
- beta hemolytic strep (bacteria that lyses erythrocytes)
- Hb -> met Hb
- infection is taken care of, but then 1-2 wks later the immune complex still exists in circulation
6
Q
what happens when Ab-Ag complex attaches to walls of the capillaries?
A
blocks the pores for filtration, so glomerular filtration is impeded -> decreased GFR -> acute nephritic syndrome
7
Q
characteristics
A
- inflmtn amongst glomeruli
- glomerular enlargement d/t swelling from inflmtn
- hypercellularity (proliferation of mesangial cells, epithelial cells, and influx of leukocytes)
8
Q
mesangial cells
A
- specialized cells that cover 30% of glomerular capillaries
- similar to smooth muscle in their ability to contract, which simultaneously contracts the BM of the endothelium of glomerular capillaries -> decreased SA of BM -> decreased GFR
9
Q
manifestations
A
- oliguria, hematuria, proteinuria
- azotemia
- fluid retention -> HTN & edema
- usually self-limiting (wks); have to actively monitor and intervene
10
Q
diagnosis
A
- urinalysis
- renal fx tests
- imaging
11
Q
treatment
A
- restore fx
- sympt management (pain, anti-inflm)
- immunosuppressants
