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Y2 Renal > Glomerulonephritis > Flashcards

Glomerulonephritis Flashcards

1
Q

what type hypersensitivity are the glomerulonephritises

A

all type III immune complex deposit except anti-GBM (type II)

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2
Q

how is the pathology of glomerulonephritis classified

A

proliferative or non-proliferative

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3
Q

what part of the glomerulus is damaged by a proliferative lesion

A

mesangial + endothelium

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4
Q

what part of the glomerulus is damaged by a non-proliferative lession

A

podocytes

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5
Q

does a proliferative or non-proliferative lesion present more rapidly

A

proliferative

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6
Q

does a proliferative or non-proliferative lesion cause haematuria

A

proliferative

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7
Q

does a proliferative or non-proliferative lesion cause proteinuria

A

non-proliferative

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8
Q

how is the presentation of glomerulonephritis classified

A

nephritic or nephrotic syndrome

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9
Q

what is characteristically seen on biopsy in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

A

crescents

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10
Q

causes of RPGN

A

SLE, IgA, HSP, GPA, MPA, EGPA, anti-GBM

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11
Q

management of RPGN

A

CCS, cyclophosphamide / azathioprine, plasmapharesis

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12
Q

how does nephrotic syndrome always present

A

severe oedema, hypoalbuminaemia, proteinuria

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13
Q

how is renal function affected by nephrotic syndrome

A

normal renal function

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14
Q

management of nephrotic syndrome

A

fluid/Na restrict, loop diuretic, ACEI/ARB, immunosuppress

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15
Q

does nephritic or nephrotic syndrome cause hypercholesterolaemia

A

nephrotic

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16
Q

does nephritic or nephrotic syndrome cause HTN

A

both, but especially nephritic

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17
Q

what are you looking for on urine microscopy in nephritic syndrome

A

dysmorphic RBC, RBC cast, lipiduria

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18
Q

what 3 investigations are done after biopsy for glomerulonephritis

A

light microscopy, immunofluorescence see Ab, electron microscopy

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19
Q

is complement elevated or decreased in nephritic syndrome

A

decreased

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20
Q

what blood pressure are you aiming for in glomerulonephritis

A

<130/80

21
Q

what blood pressure are you aiming for in glomerulonephritis with proteinura

A

<120/75

22
Q

what are the primary causes of nephritic syndrome

A

IgA nephropathy, MPGN

23
Q

what is the commonest GN in a child

A

minimal change disease

24
Q

what is the commonest nephrotic syndrome in an adult in the UK

A

membranous nephropathy

25
Q

what is the commonest GN worldwide

A

IgA nephropathy

26
Q

presentation of minimal change disease

A

nephrotic syndrome, child

27
Q

diagnosis of minimal change disease

A

only on electron microscopy

28
Q

management of minimal change disease

A

PO CCS

29
Q

mechanism of cyclophosphamide

A

inhibits B cells

30
Q

presentation of FSGS

A

nephrotic synd

31
Q

associations of FSGS

A

HIV, obese, heroine

32
Q

management of FSGS

A

progressive, CCS

33
Q

associations of membranoproliferative GN

A

autoimmune disease, cancer

34
Q

presentation of IgA nephropathy

A

haematuria post GI/RTI

35
Q

management of IgA nephropathy

A

HTN / ACEI / ARB, progressive

36
Q

autoantibody in IgA nephropathy

A

anti-IgA1

37
Q

what is seen on immunofluroesence in IgA nephropathy

A

diffuse IgA/C3 deposit in mesangium

38
Q

presentation of anti-gbm

A

malaise, 1st cough / haemoptysis, 2nd haematuria, nephritic synd, rapid

39
Q

pathology of anti-GBM

A

IgG auto-ab IV collagen

40
Q

how does anti-GBM affect the lungs

A

restrictive lung disease

41
Q

investigations for anti-GBM

A

autoantibody, CXR, biopsy

42
Q

what is seen on IM in anti-GBM

A

linear IgG at BM

43
Q

what is seen on microscopy in anti-GBM

A

crescents

44
Q

management of anti-GBM

A

CCS + immunosuppress + plasmapharesis

45
Q

pathology of HSP

A

IgA driven

46
Q

where would you see a non-blanching purpuric rash in HSP

A

extensor surfaces, back of legs

47
Q

does SLE always affect the kidney

A

only 50% of patients

48
Q

presentation of lupus nephritis

A

mixed nephrotic and nephritic syndrome

49
Q

management of lupus nephritis

A

hydroxychloroquine

Y2 Renal (13 decks)

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