Buzzwords

Question 1

cannon balls

Answer 1

renal mets on cxr

Question 2

loin to groin pain

Answer 2

renal colic

Question 3

sea anemone

Answer 3

transitional cell carcinoma on cytoscopy

Question 4

uti + travel to india

Answer 4

carbapenase producing klebsiella (resistant to all antibiotics)

Question 5

uti with foul smelling urine and renal calculi

Answer 5

proteus sp.

Question 6

beading of the renal artery

Answer 6

fibromuscular dysplaasia

Question 7

rbc casts in urine

Answer 7

proves haematuria is glomerular

Question 8

‘muddy brown casts’ of epithelial cells

Answer 8

acute tubular necrosis

Question 9

potato appearance

Answer 9

testicular seminoma

Question 10

blue dot sign

Answer 10

torsion of testicular appendix (cremasteric reflex still present)

Question 11

schistosomiasis / catheterisation

Answer 11

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 12

apple green birefringence on congo red stain

Answer 12

amyloidosis

Question 13

bence jones protein

Answer 13

myeloma

Question 14

hyperkalaemia mx

Answer 14

10ml 10% calcium gluconate, 10 units insulin + 50ml 50% dextrose +- NEB SABA

Question 15

painless haematuria

Answer 15

malignancy red flag

Question 16

dark smokey grey urine

Answer 16

rhabdomyolysis

Question 17

Rugger jersey spine

Answer 17

hyperparathyroidism + renal failure

Question 18

perinephric stranding

Answer 18

calculi

Question 19

effacement of foot processes

Answer 19

focal segmental GN or minimal change GN

Question 20

‘spike and dome’ appearance on silver stain

Answer 20

membranous GN

Question 21

Kimmesteil-Wilson nodules

Answer 21

diabetic nephropathy

Question 22

tram tracking microscopy

Answer 22

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Question 23

starry sky IgG deposits

Answer 23

post-infective glomerulonephritis

Question 24

hypoalbuminaemia, hyperlipidaemia, oedema, proteinuria >3.5/day

Answer 24

nephrotic syndrome

Question 25

oliguria, haematuria, HTN, mild protein uria <3.5g, mild oedema

Answer 25

nephritic syndrome

Question 26

foreskin can't be retracted over glans penis

Answer 26

phimosis

Question 27

phimosis Tx

Answer 27

circumcision

Question 28

foreskin left retracted behind glands

Answer 28

paraphimosis

Question 29

bag of worms testicle

Answer 29

varicocele

Question 30

painless scrotal mass that transilluminates

Answer 30

hydrocele

Question 31

AFP tumour marker

Answer 31

never seminoma

Question 32

BPH definitive Tx

Answer 32

TURP (transurethral resection of prostate)

Question 33

definitive calculi Dx

Answer 33

non-contrast enhanced CT

Question 34

incontinence when laugh, sneeze, pregnant etc.

Answer 34

stress incontinence

Question 35

stress incontinence Mx

Answer 35

pelvic floor strengthening exercises, duloxetine

Question 36

overactive detrusor muscle

Answer 36

urge incontinence

Question 37

urge incontinence Mx

Answer 37

bladder training, antimuscarinic

Question 38

overflow incontinence Mx

Answer 38

catheter

Question 39

dry cleaner + haemoptysis + AKI

Answer 39

goodpasture's anti-gbm

Question 40

renal cause of flash pulmonary oedema

Answer 40

renal artery stenosis

Question 41

swarming culture

Answer 41

proteus

Question 42

foamy urine

Answer 42

nephrotic syndrome

Question 43

mahogany colour tumour

Answer 43

benign renal oncocytoma

Question 44

craggy PR exam

Answer 44

malignant prostate

Question 45

rubbery PR exam

Answer 45

BPH

Question 46

histology "looks like trees"

Answer 46

BPH

Question 47

Clusters of dark red/blue angiokeratomas around the distal extremities/ umbilical area

Answer 47

anderson fabrys disease

Question 48

coca cola / tee coloured urine

Answer 48

iga nephropathy

Question 49

Anti PLA2r antibody

Answer 49

membranous nephropathy