Globalisation Eq3 Flashcards
What is the development gap
The widening difference in levels of development between the world’s richest and poorest countries
Why is the development gap increasing
Free trade has allowed the accumulation and movement of wealth without restriction
What does the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve measure
Inequality
How does the Gini coefficient measure inequality
Index with values between 0 and 100. 0 means everyone has the same income, 100 means high income inequality
How does the Lorenz curve measure inequality
Graph with cumulative share of people from lowest to highest income on X axis, cumulative share of income earned on y axis, the bigger the curve the higher the inequality
Define development
Change from a traditional economy to one based on technology, and improving standards of living
What is a single measure of development
Measures one particular indicator of development
What is a composite measure of development
Combines a variety of indicators to one score
What is gdp
Economic measure of development that refers to the market value of all the finished goods and services produced by a country
B
Measures proportion of economic output from each sector of industry e.g primary Vs secondary Vs tertiary
What is HDI
measure of development that combined life expectancy, education and per capita income indicators
What is GEI
Composite measure of development that provides insights into gender disparities in health, empowerment and the labour marker
What tensions are there over globalisation
Migration
Environment
Culture/ideology
Resources/territory
How does china attempt to control globalisation
China’s Great firewall reduces access to western culture
What issues are there for indigenous communities in Canada
Oil pipelines are being built across indigenous land, so if there is an oil spill, all their land and natural resources would be destroyed
Give an example of trans boundary water conflicts
Mekong river flows through 6 countries, and 80 new dams are planned to disrupt the natural flow, though 60 million people depend on the river for water and fishing - the dams will strip the nutrients causing less fish
How does globalisation lead to degradation of the physical environment
Increased trade leads to increased air pollution, increased consumerism leads to increased amounts of waste in landfills, deforestation for farming
How is Africa being taken advantage of
It is in debt to china for loans which 17 countries are unable to pay back, giving china power over them
France is paid by African former colonies in return for their freedom, putting France in a position of power
How is globalisation affecting food security
Demand for food is growing and by 2050 it will double, so people rely more on imported food which makes them vulnerable
How is globalisation affecting biodiversity
Currently mass extinction event
How is globalisation affecting water security
Demand is predicted to increase due to increased use of industrial farming practices and industrial development
How is globalisation affecting the climate
In the past 150 years, global temperatures have risen by 1.2°c, is predicted to go up to 1.5°c by 2030
What has happened in whalley
Retired people invested in setting up hydroelectric power for local homes and businesses
What is the transition initiative
Began in Totnes, Devon, the community agreed on how to reduce their use of fossil fuels, so created affordable energy for housing, local farms and solar farms
It is now an international charity that helps other communities do the same
What does fair trade do
Protects workers rights, provides long term employment contracts while minimising damage to environment
What is the problem with fair trade
Only 11% of the product has to be fair trade for it to be labelled as fair trade
What is the calderdale food network
Map of where people can buy local food
What is incredible edible
Locally grown food in the community that anyone can take
What is a throw away economy
An economy in which products are extracted, manufactured, sold and then thrown away
What is a circular economy
An economy where everything is reused and no products are ever thrown away
How much waste gets recycled in the uk
45%
What is the problem with recycling
two thirds of ‘recycled’ waste is shipped and left in developing countries, not actually recycled
How much food in average UK household gets thrown away
20%
