Global Interactions #2

Question 1

Smallpox

Answer 1

Forced labor, starvation, and diseases, including smallpox, took a toll on Native American lives, and many died. Smallpox also killed many of the Aztecs and forced them to surrender, and the Inca empire also fell victim. They all had no immunity to European diseases.

Question 2

Tomatoes

Answer 2

Sent from the Americas to Europe during the Columbian Exchange. The Old World had never seen a tomato before.

Question 3

Potatoes

Answer 3

Sent from the Americas to Europe during the Columbian Exchange. Caused the Great Potato famine in Ireland.

Question 4

Horses

Answer 4

Sent from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange.

Question 5

Livestock

Answer 5

Sent from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange.

Question 6

Conquistadors

Answer 6

The Spanish conquerors of the Americas. They used firearms, organization, and determination to reach incredible success.

Question 7

Hernan Cortes

Answer 7

The Spanish conquerer of Mexico during 1519, who marched into the Aztec Empire. He was intent on introducing the Catholic faith to the New World. He marched into Tenochtitlan with alliances with city-states who were tired of the Aztec’s oppressive rule. Tlaxcala was one of the most important alliances. Used firearms, cannons, and steel swords as an advantage over the Aztec. Killed their emperor, Montezuma. After many died from smallpox, he gathered soldiers from his allies (Tlaxcala provided over 50,000) and the Aztec surrendered.

Question 8

Aztec Empire

Answer 8

Ruled a lot of central Mexico for over a century. People in Tlaxcala wanted more independence from the king. The king, Montezuma welcomed Cortes when he arrived in Tenochtitlan. The Spanish eventually took Montezuma hostage and a year after Cortes arrived, 1520, the local population revolted and killed the Spanish invaders. However, they experienced smallpox and many died. Cortes took advantage of this and gathered thousands of soldiers from allies (Tlaxcala provided 50,000) and took over the city.

Question 9

Montezuma II

Answer 9

The king of the Aztec Empire at the time of Spanish colonization, and he was taken hostage by the Spanish (Cortes) and killed in 1520.

Question 10

1521

Answer 10

By 1521 Cortes controlled Mexico.

Question 11

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 11

The Spanish under Pizarro was able to overtake the Incan Empire. Used weapons, gunpowder, horses, and smallpox to do so.

Question 12

Atahualpa

Answer 12

King of the Incan Empire at the time of Spanish conquests. Held for ransom and killed by the Spanish in 1533.

Question 13

Incan Empire

Answer 13

Population of 10-12 million and contains 100 different ethnic groups.

Question 14

1533

Answer 14

Atahualpa was killed

Question 15

Colony

Answer 15

A group of people in one country who built a territory in another land.

Question 16

Mercantilism

Answer 16

Maximizing exports and minimizing imports

Question 17

Favorable balance of trade

Answer 17

The difference in what a country exports and imports.

Question 18

Exports

Answer 18

A good produced in a country that they send to another country

Question 19

Imports

Answer 19

A good produced in a country received by another country

Question 20

Subsidies

Answer 20

Benefits given by a government to an industry.

Question 21

Joint Stock Companies

Answer 21

A business owned by investors, with each investor owning a share of the company based on the amount they invested.