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Tissues Of The Body > Glands > Flashcards

Glands Flashcards

0
Q

In CF, which gene is deficient and what does this affect?

A

The CFTR gene is deficient. Chloride ion transport across the membrane is substantially compromised as a result.

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1
Q

What is the difference between an exocrine and an endocrine gland?

A

An exocrine secretes through ducts.

An endocrine secretes into the blood stream.

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2
Q

What do we call a multicellular gland whose ducts do not branch?

A

Simple

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3
Q

Where can simple tubular glands be found?

A

In the intestinal glands

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4
Q

What type of multicellular gland is a sweat gland?

A

Simple coiled tubular

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5
Q

What type of glands are mammary glands?

A

Compound alveolar

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6
Q

Which stain better in H&E sections? Mucous or serous glands?

A

Serous glands

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7
Q

What is merocrine secretion? Describe the process.

A

Exocytosis.
Membrane bound component approaches the cell surface. Fuses with plasma membrane. Contents releases into extra cellular space.

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8
Q

What is the type of secretion when a non-membrane bound structure is secreted surrounded by a layer of the cell’s cytoplasm?

A

Apocrine secretion

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9
Q

What is holocrine secretion?

A

When the cell disintegrates, releasing the contents as well as discharge of the whole cell.

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10
Q

What type of secretion does a sebaceous gland do? Apocrine, holocrine or merocrine?

A

Holocrine (cell disintegrates)

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11
Q

Where does glycosylation of newly synthesised proteins occur?

A

In the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus.

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12
Q

What is glycosylation?

A

Adding sugars to proteins and lipids.

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13
Q

List the four ways secretion can be controlled.

A

Nervous
Endocrine control
Neuro-endocrine control
Negative feedback chemical mechanism

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14
Q

Are islets of Langerhans endocrine or exocrine?

A

Endocrine

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15
Q

Which two hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

A

T3 and T4

16
Q

Where are the adrenal glands located?

A

On top of each kidney

17
Q

What does the medulla of the adrenal glands secrete?

A

Adrenaline and noradrenaline

18
Q

What are the three types of secretion?

A

Merocrine, apocrine and holocrine

19
Q

What are the four layers of the gut wall?

A 
From innermost to outermost:
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externae
Serosa
20
Q

What is the submucosa of the gut made up of?

A

A connective tissue of glands, arteries, veins and nerves

21
Q

What type of muscle is the muscularis externa of the gut made out of?

A

Smooth muscle

22
Q

In the oeshagus, what are the three layers of the mucosa?

A

Innermost to outermost:
Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

23
Q

In the oesophagus, in which layer are the mucus-secreting glands?

A

Submucosa

24
Q

What is the muscularis mucosae?

A

A thin layer of smooth muscle cells

25
Q

In which layer of the gut wall is the muscularis mucosae found?

A

The mucosa

26
Q

What type if epithelium is found in the urinary tract?

A

Stratified columnar

27
Q

What type of epithelium is in the bronchus?

A

Pseudostratified, cilitated

28
Q

What type of connective tissue is found in the bronchus?

A

Cartilage

29
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the gut?

A

Simple columnar

30
Q

What type of gland are intestinal glands?

A

Simple tubular

31
Q

List a simple coiled tubular gland

A

Merocrine sweat gland

32
Q

List some simple branched tubular glands.

A

Gastric glands

Mucous glands in oesophagus, tongue and duodenum

33
Q

What type of gland is simple branched alveolar?

A

Sebaceous

34
Q

List some compound tubular glands

A

Mucous glands in mouth

Testes

35
Q

Name a compound alveolar/acinar gland

A

Mammary gland

36
Q

Name a compound tubuloalveolar gland

A

Salivary glands
Glands of respiratory passages
Pancreas

Tissues Of The Body (15 decks)

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