GIT Revision Flashcards
GIT peptide?
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Gastrointestinal (GI) peptides are small peptides, generally produced and secreted by gut endocrine cells, that modulate the functions of various tissues including the brain, digestive accessory organs (e.g., liver and pancreas), stomach, and intestine.
GIT Hormones?
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Motilin
Gastrin
Cholecystokinin(CCK)
Secretin
Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)
Somatostatin
GIT site of secretion?
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Motilin-Enterochromaffin like cells and Mo cells in the stomach, small intestine and colon
Gastrin-G cells of stomach
Cholecystokinin(CCK)-I cells of the duodenum
Secretin- S cells of duodenum
Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)- Neurons of mucosa and smooth muscle=neurocrine
Somatostatin-D-cells in the pancreatic islets and by similar D cells in the GIT mucosa
GIT site stimuli for secretion?
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Motilin:
Interdigestive phase(the period between meals)
Gastrin:
Small peptides and amino acids, distention of the stomach & vagal discharge
Cholecystokinin(CCK):
Products of digestion in the intestine(small peptides and amino acids & long chain fatty acids)
Secretin:
Products of digestion and acid in the upper small intestine
Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP):
N/A
Somatostatin:
Small peptides and amino acids, distention of the stomach & vagal discharge
GIT Hormones actions
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Motilin:
1. Produces contraction and smooth muscles in the stomach and intestines
2. Regulates migrating motor complexes(MMC) and gastric motility
Gastrin:
1. Stimualtes secrtion of gastric acid and pepsinogen
2. Stimulates growth of gastric and intestinal mucosal cells
Cholecystokinin(CCK):
1. Stimulates contraction of gall bladder and relaxtaion of teh sphincter
2. Stimulates secretio of pancreatic enzymes
3. Stimulates. secretion of enteropeptidase
Secretin:
1. Increases the secretion of bicarbonate by the duct cells of the pancreas and billary duct
2. Secretion of a watery, alkaline pancreatic juice
3. Augments of the action of CCK
4. Decreases gastric acid secretion
Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP):
1. Stimulates intestinal secretion of electrolytes
2. Relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle
Somatostatin:
1. Growth-hormone-inhibiting hormone
2. Inhibits secretion of gastrin, secretion, motilin, pancreatic exocrine, gastric acid and motility
3. Decreases gallbladder contraction
4. Decreases the absorption of glucose, amino acids and triglycerides
Types of secretory cells?
MC PEGD
Mucous cells
Chief cells
Parietal cells
Enterochromaffin-like(ECL) cells
G-Cells
D cells
Types of secretory cells secretions?
MC PEGD
Mucous cells:
Alkaline mucus(insoluble mucus)
Chief cells:
Pepsinogen=pepsin
Gastric lipase
Parietal cells:
Gastric acid(HCl)
Intrinsic factor
Gatsroferrin
Enterochromaffin-like(ECL) cells:
Histamine
G-Cells:
Gatsrin
D cells:
Somatostatin
Types of secretory cells stimuli?
MC PEGD
Mucous cells:
Tonic secretiono with mechanical stimulation by contents
Chief cells:
ACh
Gastrin
Acid secretion(indirectly)
Parietal cells:
Ach
Gastrin
Histamine
Enterochromaffin-like(ECL) cells:
ACh
Gastrin
G-Cells:
ACh
Peptides and amino acids
D cells:
Acid in stomach
Regulation of HCl?
