GI Tract

Question 1

Ingestion

Answer 1

Taking food into body

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

Breaking down food

Question 3

Absorption

Answer 3

Moving food into cells

Question 4

Assimilation

Answer 4

Making food part of cell

Question 5

Elimination

Answer 5

Removing unused food

Question 6

Food is moved down the esophagus in a wave like movement called

Answer 6

Peristalsis

Question 7

In most species, saliva contains

Answer 7

The enzymes amylase for starch digestion and salivary lipase for fat digestion

Question 8

What species lack salivary amylase?

Answer 8

Dogs and cats

Question 9

Esophagus

Answer 9

Moves food from the mouth to the stomach via peristaltic contractions

Question 10

The overall function of the digestive processes is to

Answer 10

Reduce the feed to a molecular size or increase solubility that allows for absorption and utilization of nutrients from the feed by the cells of the GI tract

Question 11

Saliva helps in

Answer 11

Bolus formation and softening of feed, as well as antibacterial action

Question 12

The ingested feed exits from the stomach to the

Answer 12

Duodenum through the pyloric sphincter, which is hormonal control to not overload the digestive capacity of the small intestine

Question 13

Digestive processes include:

Answer 13

Mechanical
Chemical
Enzymatic processes

Question 14

Saliva breaks down

Answer 14

Starch into disaccharides (contains the enzyme amylase)

Question 15

Stomach acid (HCL or hydrochloric acid) breaks down

Answer 15

Gastric protease which digests proteins

Question 16

Bile is produced by the

Answer 16

Liver and stored in the gall bladder breaks down fats

Question 17

Stomach participates in digestion through secretion of

Answer 17

Hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, and lipase

Question 18

HCL drops the stomach pH to

Answer 18

1 to 3, depending on the species

Question 19

High acidity in the stomach helps

Answer 19

Destroy bacteria and hydrolysis some proteins and disaccharides and activates the proenzyme pepsinogen to pepsin

Question 20

Pepsinogen in the stomach is

Answer 20

Secreted by gastric glands and low stomach pH converts to pepsin

Question 21

Pepsin helps digest protein and is probably more important for

Answer 21

Animal than plant protein digestion

Question 22

Lipase in the stomach is most active on

Answer 22

Long-chain fatty acids

Question 23

The liver is the largest gland and is a central organ in

Answer 23

Nutrient digestion and assimilation

Question 24

Bile produced from the liver is important for

Answer 24

Lipid digestion and absorption

Question 25

The liver plays a role in

Answer 25

Detoxification of different metabolites as well as storage of many vitamins and minerals

Question 26

The pancreas produces different enzymes that are needed for digestion of

Answer 26

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Question 27

Gallbladder stores and releases

Answer 27

Bile in response to fats in the intestine

Question 28

5 Functions of the Gallbladder

Answer 28

1. Storage of bile
2. Gallbladder releases bile
3. Regulating bile flow
4. Bile pH regulation
5. Absorption of certain vitamins in our body

Question 29

Storage of bile in the gallbladder

Answer 29

Gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, which helps the body digest fats easily

Question 30

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