GI Malignancies, Colorectal Cancer Screening Flashcards
T/F: GI malignancies can be detected early due to the early presentation of symptoms (diarrhea/constipation).
False. Frequently asymptomatic until late stages
Biggest risk factor to GI malignancies
Smoking
Treatment for head and neck cancers (3)
Radiation
Surgery
Percutaneous Endoscopy Gastrostomy (PEG) for nutrition
T/F: Dysphagia in head and neck cancer is due to the tumor.
False. Due to tumor AND therapy
The initial step for evaluating esophageal cancer
Endoscopy w/ biopsy
Staging of esophageal cancer
Distal metastasis:
Local staging:
Distal: CT/PET
Local: endoscopic US
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of esophageal cancer? A. Progressive dysphagia B. Diarrhea C. Vomiting D. Fatigue E. Anemia F. Weight loss
B
Most common type of esophageal cancer in US
Adenocarcinoma
Which of the following treatment options is NOT part of curing esophageal cancer? A. Esophagectomy w/ gastric pull up B. Chemo and radiation C. PEG tube placement D. Nasogastric tube
C. Don’t place PEG b/c can scar b/w stomach and abdominal wall → makes sx more tricky
D. Nasogastric tube for nutritional support PRN
Which of the following treatment options is NOT part of palliative therapy for metastatic esophageal cancer? A. Esophageal stent B. Tumor debulking C. PEG tube D. Chemo and radiation
ALL are correct
D. shrinks tumor
Jaundice, malabsorption, pruritis and abdominal pain are symptoms of ____
pancreatic cancer
T/F: CEA is useful in evaluating pancreatic cancer.
False. CA19-9 for pancreatic cancer but not specific. CEA used to monitor recurrence in colorectal cancer
T/F: Patients with stage 4 colorectal cancer should receive palliative treatment only.
False. Some stage 4 patients can be cured with surgery and chemo.
Curative treatment for rectal cancer
Surgery + chemo + RADIATION
Other colorectal cancer treated with only surgery + chemo
T/F: Surgery can be used to debulk tumors as a palliative treatment in colorectal cancer.
False. NO surgery in palliative management.
Which of the following is NOT an evaluation method for all colorectal cancer? A. Colonoscopy w/ biopsy B. Universal testing for HNPCC C. CT D. EUS, MRI
D. Only for rectal cancer
Surveillance techniques of colorectal cancer (3)
CT
CEA
Colonoscopy
T/F: Flexible sigmoidoscopy for colorectal screening does not require bowel prep.
False. All invasive screening methods require bowel prep
Other methods:
Colonoscopy
Barium enema
CT colonography
T/F: CT colonography can remove precancerous polyps.
False. Only endoscopies can
MOST important question in screening colorectal cancer
Has anyone in your family had ANY kind of cancer? (What kind? How old?)
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
Average risk population
50 y/o
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
1st degree relative w/ CRC
40 y/o OR 10 years younger than relative’s diagnosis
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
Grandparent w/ CRC
50 y/o. Average risk b/c NOT 1st degree relative.
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
Ulcerative colitis
8 years after dx, every 1-2 years
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis AND Ulcerative colitis
Startwhen diagnosis made
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
10 y/o Prophylactic colectomy
When to screen for colorectal cancer?
FHx of Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer
20 y/o OR 10 years younger than relative diagosis
