GI Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

What can you see with a normal endoscopy?

What can be done during this for diagnostic purposes?

What can be done to see the distal duodenum and proximal jejunum?

A

Allows visualisation of oesophagus, stomach and proximal duodenum

Biopsy

Push enteroscopy with longer scope

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2
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

Indications - 4

A

Acute upper GI blessing

Suspected upper GI malignancy

Any persistent upper GI symptoms which don’t respond to treatment

Coeliac diagnosis

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3
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

What would increase your suspicion of an upper GI malignancy?

A
Iron deficiency 
Anaemia 
Dysphagia 
Dyspepsia with onset age >55 yrs 
Weight loss 
Epigastric mass
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4
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

What should be stopped for procedures with high bleeding risk?

Does any thing need to stopped for biopsy?

What about NSAID’s and aspirin?

A

Anticoagulants
Antiplatelets

No

Can be continued

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5
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

How many weeks before the procedure should a PPI be stopped?

How long should the patient fast before procedure?

What about fluids?

How can discomfort be reduced as much as possible? - 2

A

2 wks

6 hrs

stop 2 hrs before

Topical throat anaesthesia +/- IV sedation

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6
Q

Upper GI Endoscopy:

Complications - 3

A

Perforation
Bleeding
Respiratory depression from sedation

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7
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

What therapeutic procedures can be done?

A

Polypectomy - polyps - precancerous

Stenting - for blockage

Decompression - twisting of bowel

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8
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

2 types and where they reach

A

Sigmoidoscopy - splenic flexure - detects 75% of colorectal cancers

Colonoscopy - terminal ileum

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9
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

Indications - 3

A

Suspected colorectal cancer
Suspected IBD
Bowel obstruction

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10
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

What would suggest there is colorectal cancer present?

What test can be done to detect blood in stool?

A

PR bleeding
Altered bowel habit in elderly
Iron deficiency anaemia
Lesion seen on imaging

Positive FOB - Positive faecal occult blood test

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11
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

In what situation should it not be done?

A

Perforation present

Increased risk of perforation due to diverticulitis

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12
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

What type of diet should patient be on from day before procedure?

How many hours before should you fast from food?

What about fluids?

What else must be done to enable a clear view?

A

Low residue diet

6 hrs

2 hrs

Clear bowel of faeces - usually using enema

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13
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

What should be stopped for procedures with high bleeding risk?

Does any thing need to stopped for biopsy?

What about NSAID’s and aspirin?

A

Anticoagulants
Antiplatelets

No

Can be continued

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14
Q

Lower GI endoscopy:

What drug can be given to sedate them?

What else needs to be given?

A

Midazolam

Analgesia

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15
Q

What 2 situations are AXR indicated?

A

Bowel obstruction

Foreign body

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