BMI and Mouth Ulcers

Question 1

How is BMI calculated?

Below what is considered underweight?

Above what is considered overweight?

Above what is considered as obese?

Answer 1

Weight (kg) / (height (m))2

18.5

25

30

Question 2

Leukoplakia:

What is it?

Why should someone with this be referred?

What is it linked to?

Virus that causes it?

Answer 2

Oral mucosal white patch
Doesn’t rub off

Pre-malignant

HIV

EBV

Question 3

Candidiasis:

What is it?

Risk factors?

Causes?

Answer 3

White patches/erythema of tongue (buckle mucosa)

Age
DM
Antibiotics
Immunosuppression - long term steroid use, cytotoxic cells, malignancy

HIV main cause

Question 4

Aphthous ulcers:

What is it?

What 2 GI diseases can cause these?

What infection can cause it?

Answer 4

Shallow painful ulcers on tongue/oral mucosa

Crohn’s Disease
Coeliac Disease

Syphilis

Question 5

Aphthous ulcers - Treatment

What should be avoided and used?

What 2 types of mouthwash can be prescribed?

What can be applied to reduce inflammation and pain? - 2

Answer 5

Avoid oral trauma - use soft toothbrush and avoid hard food
Avoid acidic food / drink
Use tetracycline/antimicrobial mouthwash
Topical steroids
Topical analgesia

Question 6

Gingivitis

What is it?

Main causes?

What cardiac drug can cause this?

What vit deficiency can also cause this?

Answer 6

Gum inflammation + hypertrophy

Poor oral hygiene
Pregnancy

Drugs - nifedipine

Vit C deficiency - scurvy