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NUR372 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Colon cancer complication

A

large bowel obstruction

s/s: constipation, bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea

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2
Q

What kind of diet should we teach to someone with colon cancer?

A

high protein
high fiber
moves along faster

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3
Q

upper GI bleed diagnostic procedure

A

EGD

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4
Q

most common culprit of upper GI bleed

A

h.pylori which causes stomach ulcers

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5
Q

lower GI bleed diagnostic test

A

colonoscopy

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6
Q

EGD

A

probably be given conscious sedation
will suppress gag reflex
may have hoarse speech
fever 100 or higher call a physician

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7
Q

colonoscopy

A

conscious sedation
flatulence
light bright red blood may be noted in stool or on toilet paper
notify physician if moderate to large amounts of bleeding and fever

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8
Q

Upper GI bleed s/s

A 
dark tarry stools
hypovolemia
vomiting bright red
epigastric tenderness
dyspepsia
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9
Q

GERD

A 
teach about their diet
if it hurts, don't eat it
don't lay down immediately
avoid bedtime snacks
don't eat right before bed

s/s

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10
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the gastric mucosa

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11
Q

gastritis manifestations

A 
abdominal tenderness
bloating
hematemesis
bloody stool
shock
vomiting
diarrhea
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12
Q

What is the patient at risk for with gastritis?

A

fluid loss which can cause hypovolemia and shock

fluid and electrolyte imbalnce

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13
Q

h. pylori cause

A

gastritis

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14
Q

What vital signs are associated with shock?

A

blood pressure- low

HR- high

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15
Q

primary treatment of gastritis

A

identify and eliminate causative factors

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16
Q

Which electrolytes can cause the most significant issues due to fluid loss?

A

Potassium

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17
Q

lower GI bleed

A

brighter stools

blood drops may be in the toilet

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18
Q

For any UGI disease process including gastric ulcer, hiatal hernia, GERD it is important to know

A

the proper diet
educate patients
exercise on an empty stomach
small more frequent meals, do not eat within 2 hours of laying down

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19
Q

GERD s/s

A 
dyspepsia
regurgitation
flatulence
hypersalivation
dysphagia 
bloating
N/V
chronic cough
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20
Q

PQRST

A 
precipitating or pallitative
quality and quantity
region/radiation
severity
timing
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21
Q

a person with a hiatal hernia needs to avoid

A

straining and vigorous exercise

avoid nonbinding clothing

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22
Q

Hiatal Hernia s/s

A 
heartburn
regurgitation
Pain
dysphagia
belching
worsening symptoms after eating
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23
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm

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24
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm

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25
Q

Upper GI diseases mimic

A

each other

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26
Q

PUD

A

mucosal lesion of the stomach or duodenum caused when gastric mucosal defenses become impaired and no longer protect the epithelium from the effects of acid and pepsin.

27
Q

surgery may be required for a hiatal hernia when

A

risk for complications is high or damage from chronic reflux is severe.

28
Q

PUD s/s

A

epigastric tenderness
dyspepsia
sharp, burning, gnawing pain
sensation of fullness or hunger

29
Q

curlings ulcer

A

burns

30
Q

cushing’s ulcer

A

head injury

31
Q

PUD teaching

A

teach about proper diet
Bland foods, foods that won’t exacerbate the condition
spices

32
Q

If a patient comes back from a procedure, what will be absent?

A

gag reflex

33
Q

PUD can cause what when eating foods that make it worse?

A

perforation
pyloric obstruction
hemorrhage

34
Q

Labs for pancreatitis

A

amylase and lipase

35
Q

what is the only way B12 can be absorbed if not absorbed in the stomach due to lack of intrinsic factor?)

A

IM

36
Q

colon cancer diagnostic procedure

A

colonoscopy

37
Q

Large bowel obstruction diagnostic procedure

A

x-ray
ct scan
colonoscopy
mainly to look for tumors or other obstructions in the large bowel

38
Q

GI bleed diagnostic procedure

A

hematocrit and hemoglobin

39
Q

liver labs

A

AST, ALT, ammonia

40
Q

Ulcerative Colitis/Crohns Disease diagnostic procedure

A

Inflammatory markers such Sedimentation Rate and WBC

41
Q

All GI processes carry the risk of

A

malnutrition due to malabsorption

42
Q

All GI processes carry the risk of malnutrition due to malabsorption specifically

A

Ulcerative colitis, Crohns Disease, any form of colon cancer

43
Q

If a patient has a history of Ulcerative colitis they are at a higher risk for

A

colon cancer

44
Q

Prevention of Ulcerative colitis

A

stop using all forms of alcohol and tobacco

increase fiber

45
Q

Large bowel obstruction s/s

A

Abdominal distention
Abdominal pain
Absent bowel sounds (past obstruction)
Constipation or diarrhea

46
Q

For patients with colostomies

A

Always assess stoma site for s/s of infection
Proper care of stoma site and colostomy bag
Good bowel pattern for increase in ADL’s for the patient

47
Q

Hepatitis C

A

illegal iv drug user
alcoholism

leading indication for liver transplant

48
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Unprotected sex, shared needles, blood transfusions, hemodialysis, maternal-fetal route

commonly given to healthcare workers

49
Q

Manifestations of hepatitis

A

ascites, bruising, jaundice, rash, edema, N/V, abdominal pain, joint pain

manage pain

50
Q

What may be used for fluid excess and must be used cautiously due to electrolyte imbalance specifically sodium and potassium?

A

Diuretics

51
Q

What medications should be avoided if patients have hepatitis?

A

acetaminophen

52
Q

what meds can be taken for hepatitis?

A

Antiemetics
Antiviral medications
immunomodulators

53
Q

gerd meds

A

antacids
PPI: long term
H2 antagonist: pepsid, zantac before bedtime
prokinetic

54
Q

sliding hernia

A

slides up

55
Q

rolling hernia

A

protrudes outward

56
Q

gastritis and pud meds

A

sucrafate

57
Q

h.pylori meds

A

metrodizole

tetracydine

58
Q

IBS ask about what

A

weight change
fatigue
bowel movements

59
Q

appendicitis

A

rebound tenderness

mcgurneys point

60
Q

peritonitis

A

life threatening
high fever
compromised resp status
rigid board like abdomen

61
Q

order of assessment

A

inspect
auscultate
percussion
palpate

62
Q

esophageal cancer

A

barretts

smoking is number 1 cause

63
Q

ascending

A

watery

64
Q

descending

A

more formed

NUR372 (13 decks)

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