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NUR372 > Ears > Flashcards

Ears Flashcards

1
Q

ear drum is

A

pearly and grey

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2
Q

Pharyngotympanic tube

A

control pressure when we swallow

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3
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Difficulty in external ear or middle ear

Putting something in the ear

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4
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Difficulty in inner ear or acoustic nerve

Exposure to loud sounds over time

Ototoxic medication: any of the –mycins, loop diuretic

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5
Q

External ear

A

Pinna, Tragus,

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6
Q

Middle ear

A

tympanic membrane, ossicles

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7
Q

inner ear

A

cochlea, semicircular canals, Cranial nerve VIII

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8
Q

mixed hearing loss

A

combination of both

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9
Q

Interventions for hearing loss

A

EARLY detection
Safety measures (due to hearing loss): visual reminders that they cannot hear very well
Dietary (hydration)
Medications

surgical: hearing aids, implants

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10
Q

Bedside care for hearing loss

A

Provide a quiet environment

Face the patient and position yourself where they can see your lips move

Speak CLEARLY, SLOWLY, and in a DEEP voice. Emphasize beginning word sounds, don’t yell

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11
Q

Conditions Affecting the External and Middle Ear

A 
External otitis (“swimmer’s ear”)
Cerumen or foreign bodies
Otitis media
Mastoiditis
Trauma
Neoplasms
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12
Q

External Otitis

A

Infection or inflammation of the ear canal

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13
Q

Swimmer’s ear

A

Diffuse inflammation of the ear canal

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14
Q

How do we treat swimmer’s ear?

A 
Reduce inflammation, edema, pain:
Heat (warm cloth, etc.)
Limited head movement
Antibiotic drops or earwick w/drops
Steroids
Analgesics
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15
Q

Most common treatment for swimmer’s ear is

A

antibiotic ear drops

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16
Q

localized furuncle

A

infected lesion or boil in the ear canal, areas with hair follicles

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17
Q

How do we treat a localized furuncle?

A

Use heat and local or systemic antibiotics
Possibly incision and drainage
Earwick with antibiotics

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18
Q

home remedy for swimmer’s ear

A

solution of 50% rubbing alcohol, 25% vinegar, 25% distilled water

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19
Q

Cerumen or foreign bodies

A

impaction or blockage

wax is most common cause of impaction

careful removal by professional will often restore hearing

20
Q

What do we not use to clean the ear with?

A

q-tips, don’t stick too far down

21
Q

Otitis Media(middle ear)

A

three types: acute, chronic, serous

Any otitis media may lead to conductive hearing loss if not treated appropriately

22
Q

Acute

A

Sudden onset, 3 weeks or less

Otalgia (earache), fever, N/V/D

23
Q

Chronic

A

Longer duration and more likely to cause injury

Biofilm inside middle ear doesn’t go away

May have painless drainage with conductive hearing loss

24
Q

Serous

A

Hearing loss and sense of fullness or pressure

25
Q

Non-surgical Management of Otitis Media

A 
Quiet environment
Limited head movement
Low heat application for pain
Systemic antibiotics
Antihistamines or decongestants (decrease fluid in middle ear)
26
Q

Surgical Management of Otitis Media

A

myringotomy

grommet

27
Q

Myringotomy

A

draining of fluid in middle ear

28
Q

Grommet

A

tube placed in ear to allow continuous drainage of fluids

29
Q

Education for otitis media

A

Keep external ear and canal dry and clean; no washing hair or showering for several days, avoid air travel, avoid blowing nose

30
Q

Mastoiditis

A

Inflammation of mastoid air cells

this results from untreated otitis media

31
Q

Mastoiditis is dangerous and can lead to

A

brain abscess, meningitis, death

32
Q

Treatment of mastoiditis

A

antibiotic therapy

Surgical removal of infected tissue with or without tympanoplasty

33
Q

Mastoiditis 3 things to know

A

could spread to brain
fluid instead of air
need antibiotics

34
Q

Trauma causes

A

Changes in barometric pressure
Blunt trauma to head
Objects placed in external canal

35
Q

Trauma could cause

A

scarring, eardrum perforation

36
Q

Tinnitus

A

Continuous ringing of the ears
very common
subjective

37
Q

Tinnitus teaching

A

to mask tinnitus with background noise, noisemakers, or music

38
Q

Vertigo

A

a sense of whirling or turning in space

39
Q

dizziness

A

a disturbed sense of place in relationship to space

40
Q

what to do with vertigo and dizziness?

A 
Restrict head motions and move slowly
Hydrate
Medication if necessary
Stop smoking
Prevent falls associated with loss-of-balance and problems with proprioception
41
Q

Components of the inner ear help with

A

balance

42
Q

Meniere’s Disease

A

3 key features:
Tinnitus
One-sided sensorineural loss
Vertigo attacks

43
Q

non surgical treatment of Meniere’s Disease

A

Slow head movements
Intratympanic meds, antiemetics, diuretics
Meniett device using pressure pulses to displace inner ear fluid

44
Q

Surgical treatment of Meniere’s Disease

A

Resection of vestibular nerve or total removal of labryrinth; LAST RESORT

45
Q

Acoustic Neuroma

A

Benign tumor of CN VIII
Often damages other structures as it grows

s/sx: tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo

46
Q

How do we treat acoustic Neuroma?

A

Requires craniotomy for surgical removal

Extreme care to preserve surrounding nerves
Reoccurrence is rare

NUR372 (13 decks)

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