Germany: Weimar Flashcards
What was the Burgfriede?
Political truce between parties that allowed necessary loans to finance the war
When was the Burgfriede?
1914
When was the silent dictatorship?
1916
The Silent Dictatorship
What was the name of the programme that called for the annexation of the Baltic region?
The Kreuznach Programme
The Silent Dictatorship
When did Britain uncover the Zimmerman Telegram?
1917
The Silent Dictatorship
What did the Zimmerman Telegram say?
Asking Mexico for a military alliance if the USA joined the war
The Silent Dictatorship
What happened in February 1917?
Russia has experienced a democratic revolution
The Silent Dictatorship
What did the Feb 1917 revolution lead to?
The July Crisis - leading to Bethmann being forced to resign
The Silent Dictatorship
What was the Siegfriede 1917?
A victory peace in which Germany should use her position of strength to achieve world power status
Who resigned and who replaced him as leader of the SPD?
Hasse resigned and Ebert replaced him
When did Hasse and 18 other SPD deputies vote against govt emergency budget and left the SPD?
March 1916
What inspired the formation of the USPD and when?
Mass strikes in Berlin + events in Russia
In April 1917
Who led the Spartacus League?
Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg
Who was the first SPD member to vote against war credits in 1914?
Karl Liebknecht
By Jan 1918, how many members did the USPD have?
120,000
How did the SPD react to the USPD?
Accused them of being unpatriotic and negatively affecting war effort
What were the USPD used as by the silent dictatorship?
A scapegoat for Germany losing the war
What did the KRA do?
Set up by Rathenau - produced nitrates for explosives which prolonged the war which Germans didn’t want
The silent dictatorship
What was the Auxillary Law Service and when?
December 1916 - all under 16’s conscripted
What was set up to get food supplies but was met with opposition from landowners?
War Nutrition Office
What % of the war cost was made by taxation, and what made the rest of the war cost?
16% by taxation, the rest by war bonds and printing more money
What did Germany never achieve in the war?
Total War - mobilisation of entire nation to reach maximum potential
What % of those conscripted died?
16%
In 1915 what % of Germany’s pigs were killed to save on grain?
35%
When was turnip winter?
1916
Germany was dependent on imports for what fraction of its food?
1/3
How many civilians died of starvation?
750,000
Infants death increased by what %?
By 50%
What happened to average prices and wages in Germany?
Average prices doubled, whereas wages only rose by 50-75%
How many workers went on strike in Berlin and why?
200,000 because of bread rationing
When and how many people were killed by the Spanish flu?
1918 killed between 20-40 million and
Put the political parties from left to right?
KPD USPD SPD DDP Z DVP DNVP NSDAP
Revolution from above
