Britain: The Abolition Of The Slave Trade Flashcards
Define the Enlightment
A period of time when Europe underwent a cultural and philosophical awakening
When was the Enlightment?
1650-1800
Define absolutism
A system of govt where a single monarch rules without limitations on their power
What happened at the Quaker’s London Yearly Meeting of 1783?
They presented a petition against the slave trade signed by 273 people and then set up a 23-person campaign committee
What happened in the Zong case?
133 slaves thrown up her board when food supplies were running low - make an insurance claim after
When was the zong case?
1781
Who was the Captain in the Zong case?
Captain Luke Collingwood
In the 1780s how much of Britain’s annual income was from the slave trade?
24%
Who were the West India Lobby?
A group of sugar planters in the West Indies whose business depended upon the slave trade
How many estimated MPs were tied to the West India Lobby and what role did one become?
50 MPs with one becoming the Mayor of London
In what years did Wilberforce present a bill to parliament?
1791-1799
When was the violent Haitian revolution?
1791
What was Haiti?
French colony that grew sugar and coffee, generating profit for the mother country
How many white people were killed in Haiti revolution?
4000
How many plantations were burnt to the ground in the Haiti revolution?
180
Why did the revolutions break out in Haiti?
French Revolution stories were told in Haiti and the white planters refused to grant these rights
Define mercantilism
Another term for commercialism or a belief in profitable trade
What was the profits by the end of the 1700s?
3 million a year
In Bristol in the 1780s, what percent of people’s incomes were from the slave trade?
40%
Between 1784-86 and 1805-07, what percent of Britain’s textiles output went abroad?
87%
Which bank was prominent in finding the slave trade in Liverpool?
Heywood’s
The slave ship ‘Ann’ undertook a voyage in 1753. How much did it take to fit it out?
£3,153
How much did the slave ship ‘Ann’ earn?
£8000
What was the average amount of slave ships that witnessed a revolt by slave?
1 in 10
By 1776, Glasgow merchants were owed how much money by their American partners?
£1.3 million - shows how it wasn’t always profitable
In what city and when was it estimated that cities merchants lost £700,000?
1772-1778 in Liverpool
In Liverpool, out of the 30 leading merchant houses, how many had gone bankrupt by what year?
12 bankrupt by 1788 due to debt owed to them
When was the Dolben Act?
1788
What did the Dolben Act stipulate?
- that a doctor should be onboard ships
- restricted the number of slaves to be carried per ton
What is the name of the ship in the map of the slaves crammed in?
Brookes
Between what years did Clarkson travel 35,000 miles?
1787-1794
How many branches of the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade did Clarkson found?
1200 branches
In 1790, how many ships did Clarkson visit and how many sailors did he speak to?
317 ships and 3000 sailors
Wilberforce secured a select committee to focus on the slave trade after his first speech in Parliament in what year?
1789
What was Wilberforce’s first bill in 1791 defeated by in Parliament?
163 votes to 88
How did Clarkson and Wilberforce work together?
Clarkson was the researcher and Wilberforce was the parliamentary face
In what year did Olaudah Equiano publish his autobiography?
1789
What was Olaudah Equiano’s autobiography called?
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
Who joined the Sons of Africa group?
Olaudah Equiano
When did Equiano join the Sons of Africa?
1787
What did the Sons of Africa do?
Work alongside the British abolitionist and publicised the cause through extends touring and parliamentary lobbying
In what year did the Sons of Africa organise a march on parliament in support of the soon-to-be-passed Dolben Act?
1788
When did Equiano die?
1797
Who did Equiano leave how much money upon his death?
His English wife an estate worth £950 - £80,000 nowadays
When was the American War of Independence?
1776-78
What were the social impacts of the American War of Independence?
people began to think more carefully about the importance of freedom and human experiences
When was the Dolben Act made permanent under what new name?
1799 Slave Regulation Act
What was the act that was renewed every year with improvements to slave life?
the Dolben Act was renewed every year until 1799
What year did Wilberforce get William Pitt on side?
1806
When did France overthrow their monarchy?
1789
When did France abolish slavery with their new govt?
1794
page 132 Changing Political climates and growing fear of slave resistance
