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A-Level History > Britain 3: growth of parliamentary reform > Flashcards

Britain 3: growth of parliamentary reform Flashcards

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1
Q

Growth of reform before 1832

Name 5 factors

A

Middle class
Unreformed system
Pressure outside
Parliament actions
French rev

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2
Q

The Middle class

Why did it matter they were educated and self-made?

A

They wanted their political power to match their economic power to drive business forward

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3
Q

The Middle class

When did Richard Arkwright die with a fortune of what?

A

In 1792 with a fortune of £500,000

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4
Q

The Middle class

Why did the Corn Laws indirectly effect them?

A

They had to increase working class wages = decreased profits

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5
Q

The Middle class

Why did the Corn Laws encourage them to want reform?

A

They could vote on policies that would benefit business, not worsen it

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6
Q

Pressure outside parliament

In what year did it cost a penny to join the London Corresponding Society?

A

1792

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7
Q

Pressure outside parliament

How many copies did Paine’s Rights of Man sell, and when?

A

200,000 copies in 1793

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8
Q

Pressure outside parliament

What was the Cato Street Conspiracy?

A

1820 assassination attempt on Lord Liverpool’s cabinet

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9
Q

Pressure outside parliament

Who ran the BPU?

A

Thomas Attwood

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10
Q

Pressure outside parliament

How many people regularly attended rallies when the BPU was created in what year?

A

100,000 people in 1830

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11
Q

Pressure outside parliament

How many attended the BPU ‘Days of May’ rally?

A

200,000

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12
Q

The unreformed system

What fraction of elections were uncontested?

A

2/3

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13
Q

The unreformed system

How long did elections take?

A

As long as 2 months

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14
Q

The unreformed system

In what year did less than 5% of the male population have the right to vote?

A

1831

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15
Q

The unreformed system

What was bad about the rotten borough Old Sarum?

A

It had a single landowner but still had 2 MPs

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16
Q

The unreformed system

What was Lancashire’s population and how many MPs?

A

1.3 million and 14MPs

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17
Q

The unreformed system

What was Cornwall’s population and how many MPs?

A

300,000 and 42MPs

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18
Q

The French revolution

What ideas did Thomas Paine spread?

A

Spread of ideas about monarchy and nobility

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19
Q

The French revolution

When did Napoleon blockade Britain?

A

1806

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20
Q

The French revolution

What did Napoleon’s blockade mean for the working class?

A

They had to pay an indirect tax on sugar and beer to increase govt income

21
Q

Parliament Actions

What did the Duke of Wellington want to do with 2 corrupt constituencies?

A

Transfer seats to other rural areas, but the Canningnites wanted to give this to Manchester and Leeds

22
Q

Parliament Actions

What did the Duke of Wellington’s alienation of Canningnites mean?

A

Govt was focused on gaining popularity

23
Q

Parliament Actions

What did the Whigs want?

A

moderate reform, as a growing number of them were middle class

24
Q

Parliament Actions

How did the Whigs want to gain support?

A

Keeping a check on the ‘tyranny of the monarchy’ and stop potential violence by including more people in the political system

25
Q

The French Revolution

Why did people argue about the French Bourbon dynasty collapse?

A

That it had collapsed due to a failure to recognise genuine popular electoral grievances, as what was being voiced in Britain

26
Q

Parliament Actions

What did the Catholic Emancipation Act 1829 do?

A

Allowed Catholics to be MPs for the first time

27
Q

Growth of reform after 1832

List 5 factors

A

Pressure within
Peaceful pressure outside
Violence
Legacy of 1832 Act
Chartism

28
Q

Peaceful pressure outside

What did the 1865 Reform League want?

A

universal manhood suffrage and secret ballots

29
Q

Peaceful pressure outside

What did the 1864 National Reform Union want?

A

equal distribution of seats

30
Q

Peaceful pressure outside

When did the Anti-Corn Law League make speeches to raise public awareness?

A

1858

31
Q

Peaceful pressure outside

Give an example of a liberal minded employer who was campaigning for reform

A

Samuel Morley, a wool manufacturer from Nottingham

32
Q

Legacy of 1832 Act

What did the size of the electorate rise from and to?

A

From 366,000 to 650,000

33
Q

Legacy of 1832 Act

What % of the male population could now vote?

A

18%

34
Q

Legacy of 1832 Act

Voting was still public until when?

A

1872

35
Q

Legacy of 1832 Act

What did you have to have an income of to be an MP?

A

£600

36
Q

Legacy of 1832 Act

The Whigs made no attempt to deny that what was designed to exclude the lower classes from voting?

A

the £10 limit on the 1832 Reform Act

37
Q

Pressure within

When did Disraeli draft his bills from?

A

Feb-Aug 1867, causing 3 cabinet members to resign

38
Q

Pressure within

Who was more liberal, replacing Palmerstone in 1865?

A

Earl Russel

39
Q

Pressure within

What and when did Gladstone argue in parliament?

A

In 1864, he argued it was a scandal only 1/10 of those with a vote were working class

40
Q

Parliament Actions

What did the first reform bill in March 1831 aim to do?

A

redistribute 100 rotten boroughs

41
Q

Pressure within

Who was John Bright?

A

MP for Birmingham

42
Q

Pressure within

What did John Bright support?

A

Reform League’s idea of 1 man = 1 vote

43
Q

Pressure within

Where did John Bright speak and to how many people?

A

At a meeting of 150,000-200,000 people at Brookfields in Birmingham

44
Q

Violence

When were the Hyde Park Riots and how many people attended?

A

1866 - 200,000 people

45
Q

Violence

Who was the Reform League leader that announced another rally at Trafalgar Square?

A

John Bedford Leno

46
Q

Chartism (use in violence)

When were the Plug Riots?

A

1842

47
Q

Chartism (use in violence)

What were the Plug Riots?

A

500,000 workers going on strike across Staffordshire, Lancashire, Cheshire and Yorkshire

48
Q

Chartism (use in violence)

What was the Newport Uprising?

A

20 dead and 50 wounded at Westgate hotel

49
Q

Chartism (use in violence)

When was the Newport Uprising?

A

November 1839

A-Level History (15 decks)

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