Britain 4: co-operatives Flashcards
New Lanark
What was the method of improving productvity?
the silent monitor
New Lanark
From 1800, how long was the working day shortened to?
12 hours, including 1.5hr break
New Lanark
No children under what age could work?
under 10
New Lanark
What did profits from the shop set up go towards?
free education for workers’ children in an onsite school
New Lanark
How long did Owen pay his workers for when the mill was closed due to the USA’s ban on UK cotton?
4 months
New Lanark
Who visited the factory in 1816?
future Tsar of Russia
New Lanark
In what year did Owen boast profits of £300,000?
1834
Co-operative activities
Who published the newspaper the Co-operator?
William King
Co-operative activities
By what year were there 500 co-operative stores?
1832
Co-operative activities
Why were co-operative stores so popular?
people would receive dividends for being involved
Co-operative activities
What were Labour Exchange Bazaars?
they would exchange products based on how many hours worked, not monetary value
Co-operative activities
How long did Labour Exchange Bazaars last?
only 2 years
Co-operative activities
What was the Labour Exchange Bazaar called in London and when was it set up?
National Equitable Labour Exchange in September 1832
Co-operative activities
When was the Birmingham Labour Exchange Bazaar set up?
1833
Co-operative activities
In 1821, what was set up with the aim of setting up a communal house in Spa Fields?
the Co-operative and Economical Society
Rochdale Pioneers
When was it set up and by how many men?
1844 by 28 men
Rochdale Pioneers
What did they form?
The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers
Rochdale Pioneers
Who paid for their rent for the year because no one would rent to them otherwise?
Dr Dunlop
Rochdale Pioneers
Where did they have to travel to to buy goods to sell because local wholesalers refused to trade with them?
Manchester
Rochdale Pioneers
What were some of their principles?
- full weights of goods should be given
- no credit, cash only
- one member = one vote
- a % of profits goes towards education
Rochdale Pioneers
How were co-op committees elected?
from members
Rochdale Pioneers
When did representatives gather at the first regular Co-op Congress?
1869
Rochdale Pioneers
What formed in 1895?
the International Co-operative Alliance, uniting co-ops
Rochdale Pioneers
Who was the first woman to join, even though women weren’t allowed in unions?
Eliza Brierly
Rochdale Pioneers
When did the first woman join?
March 1846
Rochdale Pioneers
In 1853, what % of profits was dedicated to education?
2.5%
Rochdale Pioneers
When and why did a Central Co-operative Agency form?
1850-52 to support development on co-ops in London
Rochdale Pioneers
When did the Women’s Co-operative Guild open its first branch in Rochdale?
1883
Friendly Societies
What were they?
organised groups were everyone paid into a mutual fund with weekly subscriptions
Friendly Societies
Name 3 groups
The Order of the Buffaloes
Hearts of Oak
Rechabites
Friendly Societies
What did each society have?
their own banner and sashes to show unity within the group
Friendly Societies
Why were the govt threatened by friendly societies?
growing in numbers with the same radical ideas as French rev
Friendly Societies
When was the Friendly Societies Act?
1793
Friendly Societies
What did the Friendly Societies Act do?
societies had to register with the local Justice of Peace and send reports of their activities every 3 months
Friendly Societies
By 1803, what % of the population were members?
8%
Friendly Societies
By 1815, what fraction of the population did the societies provide insurance for?
1/3
Friendly Societies
Why were poorer workers unable to join?
Didn’t have the funds to pay weekly subscriptions
Friendly Societies
What was The United Society?
an association of numerous friendly societies that provided a bed and meals for members who travelled the country
Friendly Societies
In what year did societies now have to register with the govt Registrar of Friendly Societies?
1846
Friendly Societies
After 1815, what was membership?1
over 1 million
Friendly Societies
When was the Friendly Societies Act updated to protect funds further?
1855
Friendly Societies
In 1870, what did their membership outnumber trade unions by?
4 to 1
What features were there of the cooperative movement?
Self help
Solidarity
Economic aspect
Features of cooperatives - self help
The first Cooperative Congress in 1831 urged members to do what?
take advice of Robert Peel and take the ‘management of their affairs into their own hands’
Features of cooperatives - self help
When were the 2 schools on New Lanark set up and what were they called?
1816 = The Institute for the Formation of Character
1817 = The School of Children
Features of cooperatives - solidarity
What did children being cared for for free mean?
mothers could still work while knowing their children were safe
Features of cooperatives - solidarity
How many cooperative stores worldwide showed the spread of the idea?
500
