Germany 1890-1945: Experiences of Germans Under the Nazis Flashcards
What did the three K’s stand for?
Children, Kitchen and Church
Why did Hitler provide financial incentives for married couples?
To increase the birthrate
What did the League of German maidens focus on?
Preparing girls to become mothers
Why did women have to work in factories?
Outbreak of WW2 meant that the men who originally worked there were sent off to fight the war
Who was in charge of Nazi propaganda overall?
Goebbels
What were ideas incorporated into Nazi propaganda?
- encouraged the people to hate the countries that signed the ToV
- Hitler Myth: presented Hitler as a saviour
- claimed Jews and communists were the biggest problems in the German Empire
- encouraged a return to traditional German values and culture
What happened to literature, shows, films or newspaper that shared messages against the Nazis?
They got censored
What kind of music was banned?
Jazz
What was the punishment for listening to the BBC?
Death
What did school subjects focus on?
Sharing Nazi ideas
What racial ideas were shared in school?
Aryan race was superior
Why did schools focus on physical health for children?
So boys could become soldiers and girls could become mothers
Name to examples of youth opposition groups
- Swing Youth
- Eidelweiss Pirates
What did Hitler sign with the Catholic Church in 1933?
A concordat that Hitler would leave the Catholic Church alone and allow it to keep control of its schools, but the Church would stay out of politics
What was the Reich Church
Protestant churches who supported the Nazis
Which Catholic bishop criticised the Nazis?
Bishop Galen
Which Protestant minister criticised the Nazis?
Pastor Niemoller
Which groups did the Nazis persecute as they did not fit in with their ideas of the master race?
Minority groups such as Jews, Gypsies, homosexual and those with mental health issues
How many people were compulsorily sterilised?
300,000
How many people were killed as part of a ‘euthanasia’ programme?
5000 mentally handicapped children and 72,000 adults
What were some early examples of discrimination against Jews?
SS organising boycotts of Jewish shops and businesses
What was Kristalnacht and what year did it take place in?
Night of Broken Glass: a wide-scale attack on Jewish shops, workplaces and synagogues in which 91 Jews were murdered and 20,000 were taken to concentration camps in November 1938
What was the Final Solution?
Decision to go ahead with the systematic killing of all Jews following the invasion of Poland at the start of ww2
Which groups played a role in the Holocaust?
- the civil service
- police forces
- the SS
- the German army
- industry
- the German people
What kind of state was Hitler trying to create?
Totalitarian
What was the name of the secret police?
Gestapo
Who were the SS?
Highly trained Aryan soldiers who were totally loyal to Hitler
Give three reasons why people supported the Nazis?
- successes
- economic fears
- propaganda
Which group of students gave out leaflets and put up posters against the Nazis?
White Rose Group
What was the name of the bomb plot against Hitler in July 1944?
The Stauffenberg Plot
Who was involved in the Hitler bomb plot?
Army officers
Did the Hitler bomb plot succeed?
No
