German Quest for Colonies, Berlin Conference and Kaiser Wilhelm II. Flashcards
What was the German quest for colonies like in 1884-1885?
Bismarck acquired an empire x5 the size of the German Reich, he viewed colonies as an unaffordable expense but changed his mind.
Why did Bismarck change his mind on colonies?
He needed to protect trade in South West Africa and the South Seas.
What happened in 1884 regarding African colonies?
The Berlin Conference. 14 European nations and the USA gathered to divide Africa’s resources. No representatives were invited.
What was a major task in the Berlin Conference of 1884?
To bring ‘civilization’ to Africa through Christianity and trade.
What was Great Britain’s policy on colonies and how did this affect Germany?
‘Splendid isolation’, this policy made it easy for Germany to pursue imperialism.
What were the driving factors in Bismarck’s decision to pursue colonies?
Public opinion, the National Liberal Party and the Kolonialverien all were in favour of colonization. Thus, Bismarck saw colonies as a unifying force and a distraction from domestic issues.
When did Kaiser Wilhelm II come to power and what drastic change did he make in 1889?
The Kaiser came to power in 1888 at the age of 29. In 1889 he replaced Bismarck with Leo von Caprivi
What changes did Caprivi make to foreign policy?
He took foreign policy on a “new course” known as “Weltpolitik”, this would overturn the alliances made by Bismarck.
What were Caprivi’s aims with Weltpolitik?
He hoped to make Germany a colonial power with a navy and an overseas empire to distract from domestic issues.
What was Kaiser Wilhelm’s quote directed at the people?
“All of you know nothing. I alone know something.”
What did N. Ferguson say about the Kaiser?
“He wanted … to be as big a figure on the world stage.”
What was Bismarck’s quote regarding alliances?
“The key was to be in a group of three in any dispute involving the five great European powers.”