Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Geography Unit 1 > Flashcards

Geography Unit 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

absolute distance

A

distance that can be measured with a stamdard unit of length; such as a mile or kilometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

absolute location

A

the exact position of an object or place measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

accessibility

A

relative ease with which a destination may be reached from some other place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

anthropogenic

A

human-induced changes on the natural environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

azimuthal projection

A

a map projection in which the plane is the most developable surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

breaking point

A

the outer edge of a city’s sphere of influence; used in the law of retail gravitation to describe the area of a city’s hinterlands that depend on that city for its retail supplies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

carl sauer

A

geographer- defined the concept of cultural landscape as thr fundamental unit of geographical analysis. this landscape results from the interaction between humans and the physical environment. he argued that no landscaoe has escaped alteration from humans.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

cartograms

A

a type of thematic map that transforms space such that the political unit with the greatest value for some type of data is represented by the largest relative area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

cartography

A

the theory and practice of making visual representations of Earth’s surface in the form of maps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

choropleth map

A

a thematic map that uses tones and/or colors to represent spatial data as average values per unit area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

cognitive map

A

an image of a portion of Earth’s surface that an individual creates in his or her mind. cognitive maps can include knowledge ofo actual locatioon and relationships among locations as well as personal perceptions and preferences of paryicular places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

complementarity

A

the actual or potential relationship between two places; usually referring to economic interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

connectivity

A

the degree of economic; social; cultural; or political connection between 2 places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

contagious diffusion

A

the spread of a disease; innovation; or cultural traits through durect contact with another person or place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

coordinate system

A

a standard grid; composed of lines of latitude and longitude; used to determine the absolute location of any object; place; or feature on earths surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

cultural ecology

A

the study of the interactions between societies and the natural environment which they live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

cultural landscape

A

the human- modified natual landscape specifically containing the imprint of a particular culture or society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

distance decay effect

A

the decrease in interaction between two phenomena; places; or people as the distance between them increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

dot maps

A

thematic maps that use points to show the precise location of specific observations or occurences; such as crimes; car accidents; and births

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

earth system science

A

a systematic approach to pysical geography that looks at the interaction between earths physical systems and processes on a global scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

environmental geography

A

the intersection between human and physical geography; which explores the spatial impacts humans have on the physical emvironment and vise versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

eratosthenes

A

the head librarian at alexandria during the third century BC: one of the first cartographers. performed a remarkably accurate computation of earths circumference. he is also credited with coining the term geography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

expansion diffusion

A

the spread of ideas; innovations; fashion; or other phenomena to surrounding areas through contact and exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

fertile crescent

A

the name given to the crescent- shaped area of fertike land stretching from the lower Nile Valley along the east mediterranean coast and into Syria and present- day Iraq where agriculture and early civilization first began around 8000 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

formal region

A

definition of regions based on common themes such as similarities in language; climate; land use; etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

friction of distance

A

a measure of how much absolute distance affects the interaction between two places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

fuller projectiom

A

a type of map projection that maintains the accurate suze and shape of land masses but completely rearrages direction such that four cardinal directions (north; south; east; west) no longer have any meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

functional region

A

definition of regions based on common interaction (or function); for example; a boundary line drawn around the circulation of a particular mewspaper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

geographical information systems (gis)

A

a set of computer tools used to capture; store; transform; analyze; and display geographical data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

geoid

A

the actual shape of earth; which is rough amd oblate; or slightly squashed. earths diameter is longer around the equator than along the north-south meridians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

global positioning system (gps)

A

a set of satellites used to help determine location anywhere on earths surface with a portable electronic device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

gravity model

A

a mathematical formula that describes the level of interaction between two places; based on the size of their populations and their distance from each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

hierarchical diffusion

A

a type of diffusion in which something is transmitted between places because of a physical or cultural community between those places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

human geography

A

the study of the spatial variation in the patterns and processes related to human activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

idiographic

A

pertaining to the unique facts or characteristics of a particular place

36
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

international dateline

A

The line of longitude that marks where each new day begins centered on the 189th meridian

37
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

intervening opportunities

A

if one place has a demand for some good or service and two places have a supply of equal price amd quality; the supplier closer to the buyer will represent an intervening opportunity; thereby blocking the third from being able to share its supply of goods or services. intervening opportunities are frequently used because transportation costs usually decrease with proximity

38
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

isoline

A

a map line that connects points lf equal or very similar values

39
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

large scale

A

a relatively small ratil. between map unkts and ground units. large- scale maps usually have higher resolution and cover much smaller regions than small- scale maps

40
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

latitude

A

the angular distance north or south of the equator; defined by lines of latitude or parallels (horizontal)

41
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

law of retail gravitation

A

a law stating that people will be drawn to larger cities to comduct thekr business since larger cities have a wider influence on the surrounding hinterlands

42
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

location charts

A

on a map; a chart or graph that gives specific statistical info about a larticular unit or jurisdiction

43
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

longitude

A

the angular distance east or west of the prime meridian; defined by lines of longitude or meridians (vertical lines)

44
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

map projection

A

a mathematical method that involves transferring earths sphere onto a flat surface. this term can also be used to describe the type of map that results from the process of projecting. all map projections have distortions in area directiln; distance; or shape

45
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

map scale

A

the ratio between the size of an area on a map and the actual size of that same area on earths surface

46
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

george perkins marsh

A

an inventor; diplomat; politician; and scholar; his classic work- Man and Nature; or Physical Geography as modified by Human Action; provided the first description of the extent to which natural systems had been impacted by human actions

47
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

mercator projection

A

a true conformal cylindrical map projection; the mercator projection is particularly useful for navigation since it maintains accurate direction. mercator projections are famous for their distortion in area that makes landmasses at the poles appear oversized

48
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

meridian

A

a line of longitude that runs north- south. all lines of longitude are equal in length and intersect at poles

49
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

natural landscape

A

the physical landscape or environment that has not been affected by human activities

50
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

nomothetic

A

concepts or rules that can be applied universally

51
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

parallel

A

an east- west line of latitude that runs parallel to the equator and that marks distance north or south of the equator

52
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

perceptual region

A

highly individualized definition of regions based on perceived commonalities in culture and landscape

53
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

peters projection

A

an equal- area projection purposely centered on Africa in an attempt to treat all regions of Earth equally

54
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

physical geography

A

the realm of geography that studies the structures; processes; distributions; and changes through time of the natural phenomena of earths surface

55
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

preference map

A

a map that displays individual preference for certain areas/ places

56
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

prime meridian

A

an imaginary line passing through the royal observatory in greenwich; england that marks the 0 degree line of longitude (vertical)

57
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

proportional symbols map

A

a thematic map in which the size of a chosen symbol (circle; triangle; etc) indicates the relative magnitude of some statistical value for a given geograhic region

58
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

ptolemy

A

roman geographer- astronomer; author of Guide to Geography; which included maps containing a grid system of latitude and longitude

59
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

qualitive data

A

data associated with a more humanistic approach to geography; often collected through interviews; empirical observations; or thr kmterpretation of texts; artwork; old maps; and other archives

60
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

quantitative data

A

data associated with math models and statisticsl techniques used to analyze spatial locatiom amd association

61
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

quantitative revolution

A

a period in human geography associated with the widespread adoption of mathematical models and statostical techniques

62
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

reference map

A

a map type that shows reference information for a particular place; making it useful for finding landmarks and for navigatiom

63
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

region

A

a territory that encompasses many places that share similar physical and/ or cultural attributes

64
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

regional geography

A

the study of geographic regions

65
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

relative distance

A

a measure of distance that includes the costs of overcoming the friction of absolute distamce seperating two places. relative distance often describes the amount of social; cultural; or economic connectivity between two places.

66
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

relative location

A

the position of a place relative to the places around it

67
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

relocation diffusion

A

the diffusion of ideas; innovations; behaivors; and so on. from one place to another through navigation

68
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

remote sensing

A

the observation and mathematical measurement of earths surface using aircraft and satellites. the sensors include photographic images; thermal images; multispectral scanners; and radar images

69
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

resolution

A

a map’s smallest discernable unit. if; for example; an object has to be one kilometer long in order to show up on a map; that map’s resolution is one kilometer

70
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

robinson projection

A

a projection that attempts to balance several possible projection errors. it does not maintain area; shape; distance; or direction completely accurateky but it minimizes errors in each

71
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

sense of place

A

feelings evoked by people as a result of certain experiences and memories associated with a particular place

72
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

site

A

the absolute location of a place; described by local relief; landforms; and other cultural or physical characteristics

73
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

situation

A

the relative location of a place in relation to the physical and cultural characteristics of the surrounding are amd the connections and interdependencies within that system; a place’s spatial context

74
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

small scale

A

a map scale ratio i. which the ratio of the units on the map to units of earth is quite small. small- scale maps usually depict large areas

75
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

spatial diffusion

A

the ways in which phenomena; such as technological innovations; cultural trends; or even outbreaks of disease; travel over space

76
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

spatial perspective

A

an intellectual framework that looks at the particular locations of a specific phenomenon; how and why that lhenomenon is where it is; and finally; how it is spatially related to phenomena in other places

77
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

sustainability

A

the concelt of using earths resources in such a way that they provide for peoples needs in the present without diminishing earths ability to provide for future generations

78
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

thematic layers

A

individual maps of specific features that arr overlaid on one another in a Geographical Info System to understand and analyze a spatial relationship

79
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

thematic map

A

a type of map that displays one or more variables such as population; or inclme level within a specific area

80
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

time- space convergence

A

the idea that distance between some places is actually shrinking as technology enables more rapid communication and increased interaction among those places

81
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

topographic maps

A

maps that use isolines to represent constant elevations. if you took a topographic map out into the field and walked exactly allng the path of an isoline on your map; you would always stay at the same elevation

82
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

topological space

A

the amount lf connectivity between places regardless of the absolute distance seperating them

83
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

transferability

A

the costs involved in moving goods from one place to another

84
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

visualization

A

use of sophisticated software to create dynamic computer maps; spme of which are 3d or interactive

85
Q

Geography Unit 1 Vocabulary

w.d. pattinson

A

he claimed that geograhy drew from four distinct traditioms the earth-science traditiom; the culture environment tradition; the locational tradition and the area- analysis tradition

Geography (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions