Geography - Cycle Test Term 1 Flashcards
What are the features of a developed country?
- Lots of schools
- Lot of job opportunities
- More cars
- Better transport
- Better diet
- More hospitals
- Better conditions of cloths
- Good housing
- Good sanitation
What are the features of a under developed county?
- Carb and veg based diet
- Agricultural based diet
- Primary and secondary sector jobs with a few tertiary sector jobs
- Less electricity running
- No or few jobs opportunities
- Poor sanitation
- Bad housing
- Poor clothing conditions
- Less hospitals
- Bad transportation
- Less cars
- More people
What is development in Geography?
It refers to the standard of living and quality of life of the inhabitants.
What does HIC stand for?
High Income Country
What does MIC stand for?
Middle Income County
What does LIC stand for?
Low Income Country
What does NEE stand for?
Newly Emerging Economy
What does life expectancy at birth mean?
The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the country.
What does infant morality mean?
The number of infants who don’t reach their first birthday.
What does education expenditure mean?
% of GDP spent of education.
What does birth rate mean?
Number of live babies born per 1000 people per year.
What does GNI per capita mean?
The total income received by the county from its residents and businesses regardless of whether they are located in the county or abroad divided by the population.
What is the fertility rate?
Average number of children that would be born per women if all the women lived to the end of their child bearing age.
What does labour force by occupation mean?
Percentage of people employed in each sector, originally industrial and service.
What does median age mean?
This is the age that divides by the population into two equal groups, half being higher and half being lower.
What does indicator of development mean?
They give an indication about how developed a country is compared to one another.
What is the 3 indicators the UN use to decide how developed a country is?
- Adult literacy
- Life expectancy
- GDP per capita
What is the scale used for development that the UN uses?
A score between 0 and 1.
The close to 1 the more developed a county is.
What is the life expectancy in a HIC?
High
What is the birth rate in a HIC?
Low
Why is the birth rate low in a HIC?
- Better healthcare
- Better homes
- Vaccinations
- Clean water
- Better diet
Why is the birth rate low in a HIC?
- Family planning
- Children don’t work
- Children are expensive
- Women have careers
What is the infant morality like in HICs?
Low
What is the Fertility rate like in HICs?
Low
What is the GNI per capita like in HICs?
High
What is the median age like in HICs?
High
Why is the infant morality low in a HIC?
- Better healthcare
- Better sanitation
- Vaccinations
Why is the fertility rate high in a HIC?
- More vaccinations
- Maternal care
Why is the GNI per capita high in a HIC?
- Better education
- Better careers
Why is Median Age high in a HIC?
- People live longer
- Better healthcare
What is a Scatter graph?
A graph that shows a correlation between 2 or more sets of data.
What is a correlation?
Are linked.
Effect each other.
What is the development gap?
The difference in the standard of living and the wellbeing between the world’s richest and poorest countries.
What causes the development gap?
*Colonies
*Stripped of their goods
*War
* Manufacturing
* Struggle with gaining independence
* Exporting primary products
* Natural disasters
*Extreme weather
*Climate related diseases
* Pests
* Landlocked - Can’t share goods by sea
* Manufacturing
* Struggle with gaining independence
* Dirty water
What are the human causes of the development gap?
*Colonies
*Stripped of their goods
*War
* Manufacturing
* Struggle with gaining independence
* Exporting primary products
What are the physical causes of the development gap?
- Natural disasters
*Extreme weather
*Climate related diseases - Pests
- Landlocked - Can’t share goods by sea
- Manufacturing
- Struggle with gaining independence
- Dirty water
Why does landlocks cause a development gap?
Sea trade is important to economical growth.
E.g. Kazakhstan
Why does extreme weather cause a development gap?
It is expensive to protect the area and rebuild after a disaster.
E.g. Flood, drought, tropical storms
Why does climate related diseases and pests cause the development gap?
Can destroy a countries live stock and can cause premature deaths in humans reduction eh work force
Why does dirty water cause the development gap?
This can affect agriculture and local populations. Having to trave to get clean water results in less time to go to work or go to school.
Why does manufacturing cause the development gap?
Low skilled and low paid jobs
Rich countries keep the cost down by making products in LICs and NEEs and the profits return to HICs.
Why does struggle with gaining independence cause development gaps?
This can lead to civil wars and struggle with power.
Corrupt political system and the fallout from war can have a devastating impact on a countries ability to develop its own economy.
Why does exporting primary products cause development gap?
This is a volatile market and prices rise and fall often. This makes it difficult to develop as you are unsure of future profits.
Also supply and demand for raw materials is unpredictable.
What is GNI?
Gross National Income
What is GDP stand for?
Gross Domestic Product
What does GDP mean?
The total value of a counties goods and services in a year.
What are the measurements of development?
- Life expectancy/ mortality rate
- Literacy rate
- Access to clean water
- HDI
- GNI/ GDP
What are some ways to reduce the development gap?
- Investment(industrial)
- Tourism
- Fair trade
- Dept relief
- Aid
- Loans(microfinance)
What does HDI stand for?
Human Development Index
How is HDI measured?
Each country is given a measurement between 0 and 1.
The closer to 1 the more developed a country is.
