geo vocab unit 1 Flashcards
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Demographic momentum
population grows despite reduced reproduction rates due to young age distrubution
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Change in population due to high crude birth and death rates,and low nartural increase
Medical Revolution
medical technology diffused to poorer countries, helped ppl live longer lives
Zero population growth
decline in total fertility rate to the point where natural increase equals zero
Epidemiological transition
The process of change in the distictive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
epidemic
a widespread occurrence of ann infectious disease in a community at a particular time
pandemic
an epidemic that occurs over a wide geographic area affects the population at the same time
Infant mortality rate
of deaths of babies 1yr or less
Life expectancy
average # of years a newborn is expected to live
Malthusian Theory
the population increase would out run food suppiles
carrying capacity
largest number of ppl an enviornment can support
neo-malthusians
mondern view, earths resources can only support a finite population
overpopulation
the number of ppl exceedes the capacityof the environment
population density
of ppl per unit of area
arithmetic density
of ppl divided by land area
physiological density
of ppl per land, suited for agriculture
Agricultural density
ratio of farmers to the total amount of land
Ecumene
The portion of earth occupiced by settlement
population growth
increase of ppl in a population
CRude birth rate (CBR)
of live births per 1000 ppl
Crude Death rate (CDR)
of deaths per 1000 ppl
Natural Increase Rate
percentage of population growth a year
Demographic equation
CBR-CDR=NIR calculates population change
Doubling time
number of years it takes to double a population
Total fertility rate (TFR)
average number of kids a woman will have in childbearing years
pronatalist
gov supports high birthrate
anti-natalist
gov supports lower birthrates
population pyramid
Graph that represents population by age and sex
dependancy ratio
ppl under 15 and over 64 compared to ppl in labor force
Maternal Mortality Rate
Female deaths per 100,000 births by pregnancy
census
enumeration of population
epidemiology
medical science that are prevelent among popuation
sex ratio
males per 100 females
