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Reproductive > Genital Embryology > Flashcards

Genital Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Gonads

A

the sex gland or reproductive gland that is responsible for the testis and ovaries

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2
Q

what are the 3 cell types that lead to development

A

mesenchymal
mesothelial
primordial

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3
Q

the 3 primary cell types for genital development occur in what region

A

gonadal region

migrate from the yolk sac

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4
Q

mesenchymal cells do what

A

their fate is the medulla and are responsible for leydig cells and the ovarian support stroma

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5
Q

mesothelial cells do what

A

their fate is the gonadal ridges and primary sex cord cortex

they create the semineferous in males and ovarian follicle in females

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6
Q

primordial cells do what

A

derrived from epiblast

their fate is to enter the sex cord and become future gametes

males = spermatogonia
females = oogonia

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7
Q

sex is differentiated at what week

A

7

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8
Q

what determines sex

A

SRY gene on the Y chromosome

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9
Q

SRY gene on the Y chromsome produces what to grow testis

A

TDF = testis determining fator

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10
Q

Sertoli cells secrete what

A

MIF = mullerian inhibitor factor

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11
Q

Leydig cells secrete what

A

testosterone

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12
Q

What is the major function of sertoli cells

A

supress the development of the female organ

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13
Q

Testosterone from Leydig cells is stimulate by what

A

androgen

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14
Q

the mesonepheric duct creates what

A

SEEDE
Seminal vesicles
epididymis
ejaculatory duct
ductus vas deferens
efferent ductules

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15
Q

what is the ovary determining gene

A

WNT4

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16
Q

what forms the primordial follicles

A

oogonia and follilular cells

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17
Q

the paranepheric ducts are formed in the absence of what

A

MIF

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18
Q

the paranepheric ducts are form what

A

uterine tube
uterus
the upper portion of the vagina

19
Q

the extenal female genitalia

A

labia
clitoris
lower portion of the vagina

20
Q

what forms internal genitalia

A

urongenital sinus

21
Q

the upper portion of the urogenital sinus forms

A

the bladder

22
Q

external genitalia grows and differentiates when

A

grows at week 9 differentiates at week 12

23
Q

what is the most common uterine anomaly

A

septate uterus

24
Q

bicornuate uterus

A

incomplete fusion of the mullerian ducts

25
Q

uterus didelphys

A

mullerian ducts fail to fuse and thus a double uterus, cervix, and vagina

26
Q

what are the 4 key structures of external genitalia

A

genital tubercle
urogenital sinus
urogenital fold
labioscrotal swelling

27
Q

genital tubercle develops what in males

A

penis

28
Q

the urogenital sinus develops what in males

A

penile urethra

29
Q

the urogenital fold develops what in males

A

glands

prostate
bulbourethral

30
Q

labioscrotal swelling develops what in males

A

scrotum

31
Q

the 4 key structures of development need what for male development

A

DHT

32
Q

5-alpha reductase deficiency

A

leads to ambiguous genetalia until puberty to which testosterone increases

33
Q

hypospadia

A

congenital anomally of the male urethra that features an abnormal opening on the inferior side of the penis

most common

34
Q

epispadia

A

congenital anommaly of the male urethra that features an abnormal opening on the dorsal side of the penis and is often associated with bladder extrophy

35
Q

the gential tubercle in females develops

A

clitoris

36
Q

the urogenital fold in females develops what

A

labia minora

37
Q

the urogenital sinus in females develops what

A

glands

paraurthral (skene)
bartholin

38
Q

labiosacral swelling in females develops

A

labia majora

39
Q

the 4 major glands require what to develop a female

A

estrogen

40
Q

what is klinefelters syndrome

A

genetically males
high pitched voice
additional X chromosome
low testosterone
high FSH and LH
female distribution of hair
gynocomastia

41
Q

tuner syndrome

A

genetically female
partially or missing X chromosome

features =
no menstrual period
infertility
congenital heart defect
short stature
edema of wrist and ankles
webbed neck

42
Q

AMH deficency

A

rare sex disorder in XY genotype

internal female genitalia
normal external male genitalia

due to androgens

43
Q

5-alpha reductase deficiency

A

impaired conversion of testosteone to DHT

male internal genitalia
female external genitalia
phenotypically a female

Reproductive (12 decks)

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