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Science Real > Genetics 9A > Flashcards

Genetics 9A Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a species

A

A group of similar organisms who can produce offspring that can also reproduce

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2
Q

What are characteristics

A

Describes how you look

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3
Q

What is variation

A

Differences in characteristics

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4
Q

What is inherited characteristics

A

When children get parents characteristics

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5
Q

What does nuclei contain

A

Chromosomes which contain genes which contain genetic information which carries the instructions for your characteristics and how they vary

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6
Q

The nuclei of gametes only contain

A

Half the chromosomes of normal cells

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7
Q

What are mutations

A

Changes in genes

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8
Q

How many chromosomes are there in one human cell

A

46 but 23 in gametes

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9
Q

A female nucleus contain

A

Two large X chromosomes

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10
Q

A male nucleus contains

A

1 large x and 1 small y

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11
Q

What are alleles

A

Different versions of the same gene

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12
Q

One allele is more dominant

A

Than a recessive one

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13
Q

For a recessive gene to work

A

For a recessive gene to work both chromosomes must be recessive

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14
Q

Plants that are the same species but show clear differences are

A

From a different variety

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15
Q

Breeds are

A

Varieties within breeds

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16
Q

Environmental variation is caused by

A

Environmental variation is caused by environmental factors

17
Q

Selective breeding def

A

When animals with certain characteristics are selected for breeding

18
Q

Cross breeding def

A

Different breeed are selected to mate with each other

19
Q

Genetic modification

A

When genes are put or replaced in animals

20
Q

Male gametes of flower

A

Pollen grain

21
Q

Pollination

A

Transfer of pollen to a stigma

22
Q

Cloning is

A

Asexual reproduction and does not need gametes

23
Q 
Order of largest to smallest 
Chromosome 
DNA 
Nuclei 
Genes
Cell
A

Cell nuclei chromosome dna genes

24
Q

What is a gene

A

A length of dna that codes for a specific protein

25
Q

Characteristic are

A

Heredity plus environmental factors

26
Q

What is genetics

A

The study of heredity

27
Q

Emma has short thumbs which is controlled by genes

A

Yes because heredity characteristics are the are the only ones passed through genes

28
Q

Describe the structure of DNA

A

It has a double helix structure - a coil containing two chains

Science Real (30 decks)

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