7b Sex And Science

Question 1

Male and female sex cells are called

Answer 1

Sperm and egg

Question 2

During fertilisation

Answer 2

The sperm and egg cell fuse so does their nuclei which produces a fertilised egg cell .

Question 3

External fertilisation is where

Answer 3

Happens outside of the bodies and usually happens in water

Question 4

Oviduct is lined with

Answer 4

Cilia to sweep the egg cell toward the uterus

Question 5

Baby develops

Answer 5

In the uterus

Question 6

What and where is the cervix

Answer 6

Is a ring of muscle in the lower and of the uterus which will hold the baby in place during the pregnancy . It opens into the vagina

Question 7

Sperm cells are made where and why is their location important

Answer 7

In the testes . The testes are held in a bag of skin outside the body called the scrotum . It is important it is outside because only then the stem cell will be at the right temperature to develop properly

Question 8

How is an egg cell adapted to its function

Answer 8

It has a jelly coating which make sure only one sperm cell enters . Cytoplasm has a store of food to provide energy for the fertilised egg cell .

Question 9

Sperm cells travel up

Answer 9

Sperm ducts where fluid is added from glands to give sperm cell energy . Together the sperm cells and fluid are called semen . It leaves through the urethra .

Question 10

Urethra also carries what

Answer 10

Urine from the bladder but never at the same time .

Question 11

Adaptations of the sperm cell are

Answer 11

Streamlined shape to swim faster . Flagellum to help it swim faster . Tip of the head has chemicals that attack the outside of the egg to let the sorry cell burrow inside .

Question 12

When does a man and when does a woman stop producing sperm and egg cells

Answer 12

A man doesn’t

A woman stops at around 45-50 however the age is decreasing now . It is known as menopause

Question 13

As they prepare to have sex

Answer 13

She becomes moist and his penis becomes erected (filled with blood ) . After ejaculation the semen is sucked up through the cervix and small movements of the uterus wall carry it up to the oviducts . Here they swim along and then fertilisation occurs .

Question 14

What happens and fertilisation

Answer 14

It divides,in two . It keeps on dividing and form a ball of cells as they travel toward the uterus . Here the embryo sinks into the soft lining . This is called implantation .

Question 15

identical twins are caused because

Answer 15

Fertilised egg divides in two and this grows into two embryos. Produce identical twins either two girls or two boys .

Question 16

Non identical twins are caused when

Answer 16

A woman releases two eggs at a time . If both are fertilised the twins will not be identical

Question 17

Having more than one baby is called

Answer 17

Multiple birth

Question 18

The menstrual cycle takes about

Answer 18

28-30 days

Question 19

Menstrual cycle is controlled by

Answer 19

Chemicals in the brain called sex hormones

Question 20

Menstrual cycle

Answer 20

The soft lining of the uterus breaks apart . It passes out of the vagina with blood
Immediately an egg cell begins to mature in one of the ovaries . Whilst this is happening the soft lining starts to build up again . Aftaer 14 days the egg cell is released . This is called ovulation
If egg has not been fertilised the soft lining breaks again and the cycle repeats it self

Question 21

What is the embryo surrounded by

Answer 21

A watery amino tic fluid contains within a bag called the amnion

Question 22

Placenta facts

Answer 22

Small plate shaped organ grows .Attached to the uterus lining provided the developing foetus with things it needs . Oxygen , water and food go from the mothers blood to the baby . Waste material like carbon dioxide go form the foetus blood to the mothers

Question 23

Why does the mother blood not mix with the foetus ?

Answer 23

Because the mothers blood is pumped around her body under a lot of pressure which the foetus would not be able to handle .

Question 24

Pregnant woman must take care not to

Answer 24

Do drugs 
Smoke - smokers carry less oxygen in the blood then they’re supposed too . If the baby gets less  oxygen it is likely to be premature 
Drink 
Must work out 
get sick

Question 25

What is gestation

Answer 25

the time of fertilisation until birth . In humans about 9 months (49 weeks )

Question 26

Labour

Answer 26

At the start of labour Uterus begins to contract . Contractions become mor powerful as they go on . Next the muscle of the cervix slowly relax. At som
E stage the amnion breaks and the fluid flows out of the vagina . Once the cervix is about 10cm wide the string contractions will push the baby out usually head first . Umbilical cord is tied and cut . Within half an hour the placenta breaks away from the uterus lining and passes out through the vagina . Called afterbirth and marks the end of labour .

Question 27

The breast contain

Answer 27

Mammary glands that produce milk which contains nutrients and antibodies that the baby needs .

Question 28

Puberty changes in females

Answer 28

Underamprm hair grows
Pubic hair grows
Hips get wider
Breasts develop

Question 29

Puberty changes in males

Answer 29

Voice deepens 
Shoulders get wider 
Hair grows under arms , on face and chest 
Pubic hair grows 
Penis grows bigger so do testes