Genetic Test

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

All the DNA in one cell of an organism

Question 2

Inbreeding

Answer 2

Involves crossing two individuals that have similar characteristics

Question 3

Hybridization

Answer 3

Breeders cross to genetically different individuals in hopes of getting best traits

Question 4

Clone

Answer 4

Dolly the sheep

Organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced

Question 5

Genetic engineering

Answer 5

Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another

Question 6

Gene therapy

Answer 6

Inserts copies of a gene directly into a person’s cell

Question 7

Human genome project

Answer 7

Identifies the DNA sequence of every gene in the human genome

Question 8

Proteins are made up of (Amino acids, ribosomes)

Answer 8

Amino acids

Question 9

In DNA,(cytosine,thymine) always forms hydrogen bonds with guanine

Answer 9

Cytosine

Question 10

The message of DNA code is info for building (hydrogen bonds, proteins)

Answer 10

Proteins

Question 11

(Deoxyribose, ribose) is the sugar molecule found in RNA

Answer 11

Ribose

Question 12

The genetic info in the DNA is transcribed to the (mRNA, tRNA) strand

Answer 12

mRNA

Question 13

(tRNA, mRNA) carry specific amino acids to the ribose

Answer 13

tRNA

Question 14

Adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil are nitrogen bases found in (DNA, RNA)

Answer 14

RNA

Question 15

Any change in a gene or chromosome is called a (typo, mutation)

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

Codominant alleles

Answer 16

Both alleles show equally

Question 17

Incomplete dominance

Answer 17

When neither allele of the parents is completely dominant, offspring shows mixed dominance

Question 18

Multiple alleles

Answer 18

Having more than 2 alleles for a genetic trait

Question 19

Sex chromosomes

Answer 19

23rd pair of chromosomes in humans

Question 20

Sex-linked traits

Answer 20

Traits controlled by genes located on the sex chromosome

Question 21

Polygenic inheritance

Answer 21

Inheritance patterns of a trait that is controlled by 2 or more genes

Question 22

Autosomes

Answer 22

First 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes

Question 23

Sugar in RNA

Answer 23

Ribose

Question 24

Copies coded message from DNA and carries message to ribosome in the cytoplasm

Answer 24

mRNA

Question 25

tRNA

Answer 25

Carries amino acids to the ribosomes and adds them to growing proteins

Question 26

RNA

Answer 26

Ribonucleic acid- genetic “messenger” which carries message to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Question 27

Mutation

Answer 27

Any change in a gene or chromosome

Question 28

Pedigree

Answer 28

Diagram or family tree of genetic inheritance used by geneticists to map genetic traits

Question 29

Karyotype

Answer 29

Photo of a persons chromosome arranged in pair and can reveal whether a person has the correct number of chromosomes

Question 30

Why do some traits exhibit a large number phenotypes

Answer 30

Because you have a ton of genes that code for each trade

Question 31

What does mRNA and tRNA stand for

Answer 31

Messenger RNA

transfer RNA

Question 32

Give an example of selective breeding

Answer 32

Fast horse+fast horse

Question 33

How are genetic disorders diagnosed

Answer 33

Pedigree

Karyotype

Question 34

Selective breeding

Answer 34

Process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of next-generation