Cell Cylcle Test Flashcards
Interphase
Phase where cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA and prepares to divide into 2 cells
Mitosis
Stage where the cells nucleus divides into 2 nuclei and produces two daughter cells
Prophase
First and longest stage were chromatin bundles to form chromosomes. Nucleus disappears and spindles form
Metaphase
Second stage where all the chromosomes are pulled to the center of the cell
Anaphase
Third stage where sister chromatids separate and each chromatid is now a daughter
Spindles, shortens, and splits chromatids to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase
Chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell and two new nuclei are formed
Cytokinesis
Final stage where cytoplasm divides
Chromosomes
Bundled up chromatin in the nucleus
Centromere
Joins sister chromatids at the center
DNA
Genetic material that carries info about an organism from one generation to the next
Cancer
Disease caused by disruption to the cell cycle leading to uncontrolled cell division
Benign
Abnormal mass of essentially normal cells that always remain at site and can be removed w/surgery
Malignant
Mass of cancerous cells that displace normal tissue as it grows
Can spread
Cell cycle
Regular cycle of growth
Radiation treatment
Treatment of disease using XD-rays
Chemotherapy
Treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances
Where is DNA found
Chromatin of the nucleus
What are the four kinds of nitrogen bases
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
What is formed during DNA replication
Two new identical strands
What is the 5-carbon sugar called
Deoxyribose
Guanine pairs with
Cytosine
Apple trees can grow
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber
Prophase
Centrioles separate
Chromosomes become visible
Nucleus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down
Anaphase
Sister chromatids seperate into individual chromosomes
Individual chromosomes seperate
Telophase
Two nuclear envelope form
Study cell cycle chart
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Causes of cancer
Cigarette smoke
Water and air pollution
Ultraviolet radiation from the sun
What’s the difference between benign and malignant tumors
Benign tumors remain at original site and malignant tumors spread
Metastasis
Spreading of cancer cells into other parts of the body
PMAT
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What stage does Cytokinesis Occur during
Third
What shape is a DNA molecule
Long twisted ladder
SPF
Sun protection factor
Study page 80 and 81
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