Genes and Genomes

Question 1

What are genes?

Answer 1

genes: region of DNA that are made up of nucleotides; the molecular unit of hereditary. Code for a specific phenotype trait (protein) → produces this feature

Question 2

What is genome mapping?

Answer 2

• genome mapping allows for specific links between genes and diseases to be determined and from this targeting treatment and cures
• genome mapping also assets with evolutionary studies

Question 3

What are Alleles?

Answer 3

different variations of a gene. All alleles originated from mutations -> different variations of this trait

Question 4

What does a pair of chromosomes contain?

Answer 4

• one paternal and one maternal
  
  • a seen under a high-powered light microscope
  • although homologous chromosomes contain the same genes, they are not identical due to the variation between alleles

Question 5

A) what are Homozygous genes?

B) What are Heterozygous genes?

Answer 5

A) Individuals carrying two identical alleles (RR or rr)

B) organisms bearing different alleles (Rr)

Question 6

what is a genome?

Answer 6

• genome: genetic material in the chromosones of an organism, including its genes and DNA sequences
• the complete DNA sequence of an organism, containing all nessasary information to “build’ and maintain that organism