General Revision part 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the AOCs in the Anjou-Saumur sub-region?
A
- Anjou,
- Anjou Villages,
- Anjou-Brissac,
- Cabernet d’Anjou,
- Coteaux du Layon,
- Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru,
- Bonnezeaux,
- Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire,
- Coteaux de l’Aubance,
- Savennières,
- Savennières Roche aux Moines,
- Coulée de Serrant,
- Saumur,
- Saumur-Champigny.
2
Q
What are the AOCs in the Touraine sub-region?
A
- Touraine,
- Touraine Noble Joué,
- Bourgueil,
- Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil,
- Chinon,
- Vouvray,
- Montlouis-sur-Loire,
- Valençay,
- Cheverny,
- Cour-Cheverny,
- Orléans,
- Orléans-Cléry.
3
Q
What are the AOCs in the Centre-Loire sub-region?
A
- Crémant de Loire,
- Rosé de Loire,
- Sancerre,
- Pouilly-Fumé,
- Pouilly-sur-Loire,
- Menetou-Salon,
- Quincy,
- Reuilly.
4
Q
What are the 9 crus communaux (DGCs) of Muscadet Sèvre et Maine?
A
- Château-Thébaud,
- Clisson,
- Gorges,
- Goulaine,
- Monnières-Saint-Fiacre,
- Mouzillon-Tillières,
- Le Pallet,
- Vallet,
- La Haye-Fouassière.
Mnemonic: “Cool Cats Go Gather Many Magical Lovely Vines Happily.”
5
Q
What type of climate does the Middle Loire have?
A
Maritime climate with continental influences.
6
Q
What is the origin of the name ‘Loire’?
A
It comes from the Latin ‘Liger,’ meaning sediment.
7
Q
Who was Henry Plantagenet and what was his role in the Loire?
A
- Duke of Normandy,
- Count of Anjou and Maine
- King Henry II
8
Q
What is Tuffeau and where is it found?
A
- Tuffeau is Turonian chalk,
- Middle Loire.
9
Q
What is Perruches and where is it found?
A
- Perruches is flinty clay,
- Middle Loire.
10
Q
What is the only Grand Cru in the Loire?
A
Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru.
11
Q
What is Silex and where is it found?
A
- Silex is flint,
- Centre-Loire.
12
Q
What is Terre Blanche and where is it found?
A
- Terre Blanche is Kimmeridgian marl,
- Centre-Loire.
13
Q
What are Caillottes and where are they found?
A
- Caillottes are Portlandian marl pebbles,
- Centre-Loire.
14
Q
Where is Crémant de Loire produced?
A
In the Middle Loire.
15
Q
What is Touraine Noble Joué and how is it made?
A
- A Vin Gris rosé
- Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, and Meunier.
16
Q
What is the Chaîne des Puys?
A
A range of extinct volcanoes found in the Upper Loire.
17
Q
What grape is known as Gros Plant in the Loire?
A
Folle Blanche.
18
Q
What is the most widely planted grape in the Loire?
A
Cabernet Franc.
19
Q
In which sub-region is Savennières located?
A
Anjou-Saumur.
20
Q
Where are most red wines in the Loire produced?
A
In Touraine.
21
Q
What river is associated with the Chinon AOC?
A
The Vienne River.
22
Q
What are the 4 red-only AOCs in the Loire?
A
- Anjou-Brissac,
- Saumur-Champigny,
- Anjou-Villages,
- Orléans-Cléry.
23
Q
What are the rosé-only AOCs in the Loire and their styles?
A
- Cabernet d’Anjou (sweet),
- Rosé d’Anjou (sweet, made from Grolleau),
- Rosé de Loire
- Touraine Noble Joué.
24
Q
Is it Quincy AOC or Reuilly AOC that only produces white wine?
A
Quincy (on the Cher)
Reuilly (on the Arnon & Cher) makes white, red & rosé
25
Which Loire sub-regions are located on the Paris Basin?
* Touraine
* Centre-Loire.
26
Which 4 types of rock are found in Pays Nantais?
* Volcanic
* igneous
* metamorphic rock
* limestone.
27
What types of soil are found in Anjou-Saumur?
* Dark schist
* sandstone,
* tuffeau.
28
What soils are characteristic of Touraine?
* Tuffeau
* flinty clay.
29
What soils are found in Centre-Loire?
* Caillottes,
* terres blanches,
* silex,
* sands
* gravel.
30
Which rivers run through Reuilly?
The Arnon River and the Cher
31
What is special about Montlouis-sur-Loire's sparkling wine?
* méthode ancestrale
* labeled pétillant originel.
32
When was the Graves Classification made, and how many properties were ranked?
In 1953, 16 properties were ranked, all in Pessac-Léognan.
33
What is the only Premier Cru Supérieur from the 1855 classification?
Château d’Yquem.
34
What is a Cru Artisan in Bordeaux?
A designation for boutique wineries.
35
What is the difference between Saint-Émilion Grand Cru and Grand Cru Classé?
* Saint-Émilion Grand Cru is an AOC;
* Saint-Émilion Grand Cru Classé is a ranking within the SE classification.
36
Who initiated the 1855 classification, and what was its purpose?
* Napoleon III;
* based on wine prices
* ranked wines into five classes.
37
Who championed second-label wines in Bordeaux?
Émile Peynaud.
38
Which rivers are Fronsac and Canon-Fronsac near?
The Isle River.
39
When was Château Mouton Rothschild promoted to First Growth?
In 1973.
40
Where were Bordeaux’s first vineyards planted?
In Graves.
41
What are the satellite appellations of Saint-Émilion?
* Lussac,
* Montagne,
* Puisseguin,
* Saint-Georges.
42
What style of wine is produced in Graves Supérieures?
Semi-sweet wines only.
43
Which 3 Médoc AOCs are Merlot-dominant?
* Moulis-en-Médoc,
* Listrac-en-Médoc,
* Médoc.
44
What styles of wine does Bordeaux Haut Benauge produce?
Dry and semi-sweet white wines.
45
What styles of wine does Entre-Deux-Mers Haut Benauge produce?
Only dry white wines.
46
What are the AOCs of the Entre-Deux-Mers?
* Entre-Deux-Mers,
* Cadillac,
* Loupiac,
* Sainte-Croix-du-Mont,
* Graves de Vayres,
* Saint-Foy Côtes de Bordeaux,
* Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux.
47
What do these grapes have in common?
* Merlot Blanc,
* Colombard,
* Mauzac Blanc,
* Ugni Blanc,
* Alvarinho,
* Liliorila.
Secondary white grapes of Bordeaux
48
What do these grapes have in common?
* Arinarnoa,
* Castets,
* Marselan,
* Touriga Nacional.
secondary red grapes of Bordeaux
49
Which river separates Loupiac and Barsac?
The Garonne River.
50
What river separates Margaux from Blaye and Bourg?
The Gironde River.
51
Which sub-region of the South-West has Mediterranean influences?
The Garonne, Tarn, and Lot sub-region.
52
What is Boulbène and where is it found?
* Sandy clay soil
* Fronton AOC.
53
What is the Méthode Gaillacoise?
Gaillac’s term for the Méthode Ancestrale sparkling wine process.
54
What styles of wine does Bergerac AOC produce?
Dry red, white, and rosé.
55
What wind affects the Pyrenees sub-region?
The Foehn wind.
56
What are the sweet wine styles of Gaillac?
Vendanges Tardives and Doux.
57
How many indigenous grapes are found in the South-West?
120 indigenous grape varieties.
58
What other grapes can be used in Cahors besides Malbec?
Tannat and Merlot.
59
What grapes are used in Irouléguy red wines?
Tannat and Cabernet Franc.
60
Who developed micro-oxygenation and why?
Patrick Ducournau, to soften tannins.
61
Which river runs through Irouléguy?
The Nive River.
62
What are other names for Fer Servadou?
Braucol and Pinenc.
63
Where was the first sparkling wine made in France?
In Limoux, by monks in the 1500s.
64
How must Languedoc VDNs be made?
Reductively with Muscat à Petits Grains.
65
Why is Carignan often carbonically macerated?
To tame its tannins.
66
When was the first wine co-op formed in Languedoc?
In 1905.
67
What are the two parts of Fitou AOC?
Maritime and Haut.
68
When did Languedoc and Roussillon merge administratively?
In 1972.
69
What percent of France’s organic vineyards are in Languedoc?
38%.
70
Who discovered mutage and when?
Arnaud de Villeneuve in 1285.
71
What is the largest non-regional AOC in Languedoc?
Corbières AOC.
72
What are the two DGCs of Saint-Chinian?
Berlou and Roquebrun.
73
What is the westernmost AOC in Languedoc?
Malepère.
74
What Greek grapes are being experimented with in Limoux?
Assyrtiko and Agiorgitiko.
75
What is the main grape of Limoux AOC?
Chenin Blanc.
76
What 3 styles of wine does Clairette du Languedoc produce?
* dry white
* semi-sweet white
* fortified white wines.
77
Which 5 Languedoc AOCs only produce red wine?
* Terrasses du Larzac,
* Minervois,
* Corbières
* Boutenac,
* Fitou.
78
What is the main grape in Crémant de Limoux?
Chardonnay.
79
What is the ‘Falaise de l’Hortus’ and where is it?
* A limestone outcrop
* Pic Saint-Loup.
80
Where is Faugères AOC located?
In the foothills of the Cévennes mountains.
81
Which 3 styles of wine does Limoux AOC produce?
* White
* red,
* sparkling wines.
82
How many DGCs can be added to Languedoc AOC?
10 DGCs.
83
What is the most common grape for dry whites in Roussillon?
Grenache Blanc.
84
What is the most planted white grape in Roussillon?
Muscat à Petits Grains.
85
What are the three rivers in Roussillon?
Agly, Têt, and Tech.
86
Which wine from Roussillon goes into Fitou?
Muscat de Rivesaltes.
87
Which IGP covers most of the Pyrénées-Orientales?
Côtes Catalanes IGP.
88
Which styles of wine are made in Rivesaltes and Banyuls AOCs?
White, rosé, and red VDNs.
89
What are the three mountain ranges in Roussillon?
* Corbières
* Pyrénées,
* Albères.
90
What is the southernmost appellation in mainland France?
Banyuls / Collioure.
91
What do 'Grenat' and 'Rimage' refer to in Rivesaltes?
Reductive-style VDNs.
92
What is the soil type in Roussillon?
Iron-rich clay.
93
What style of wine is made in Côtes du Roussillon?
Dry red wine only.
94
What is required in Banyuls Grand Cru AOC?
At least 75% Grenache in red VDNs.
95
Where are sparkling wines made in the Rhône?
* Saint Péray (Marsanne, Rousanne)
* Clairette de Die, (Muscat)
* Crémant de Die, (Clairette)
96
What mountain range influences the southern Rhône climate?
Dentelles de Montmirail.
97
What does the Celtic word 'Cornas' mean?
Burned earth.
98
Which AOCs in southern Rhône have UNESCO recognition?
Ventoux and Luberon.
99
Which 2 Southern Rhône AOCs make all three colours of wine?
Lirac and Vacqueyras.
100
What is the main grape in Côtes du Rhône whites?
Grenache Blanc.
101
What are the northern and southern boundaries of the Rhône?
* N Rhône: Vienne to Valence;
* S Rhône: Montélimar to Nîmes.
102
What are the five soil types of the Southern Rhône?
* Galets,
* garrigue,
* sandstone,
* clay,
* loess.
103
Which Southern Rhône AOCs are on hilltops?
* Rasteau,
* Vinsobres,
* Cairanne.
104
What does 'méridionaux' mean in French wine terms?
Of the Southern Rhône.
105
Which Northern Rhône AOCs lie east of the Rhône River?
Hermitage and Crozes-Hermitage.
106
Which Southern Rhône AOCs lie west of the Rhône River?
Lirac and Tavel.
107
What is the largest cru in the Southern Rhône?
Châteauneuf-du-Pape.
108
Which 2 Southern Rhône AOCs only make red wine?
* Beaumes-de-Venise
* Vinsobres.
109
What is the minimum sugar level for Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise?
100 g/L.
110
Which 4 Provence AOC / DGC require oak aging for reds?
* Côtes de Provence,
* Fréjus,
* Bandol,
* Palette.
111
What percentage of Provence’s AOC wine comes from 3 main AOCs?
96%.
112
When was the Côtes de Provence AOC created?
In 1955.
113
What are the two main soil types in Provence?
Limestone and schist.
114
What is a 'baou' in Provence?
A rocky outcrop.
115
What is the Massif des Maures known for?
Former cork forests.
116
Which 2 AOCs in Provence mandate hand-harvesting?
Bandol and Palette.
117
What is unique about Bellet AOC white wines?
They permit Chardonnay
##footnote
Bellet reds use Braquet Noir
118
What grapes are used in Cassis white wines?
Marsanne and Clairette.
119
What are the main soil types in Provence?
Limestone and schist.
120
How much sunshine does Provence get per year?
3,000 hours.
121
Where is the Massif de l’Estérel located?
Between Fréjus and Cannes.
122
When were Corsica’s vineyards revived and by whom?
In the 1960s by colonists.
123
What percentage of Corsica’s vineyards are for white grapes?
25%.
124
What is the famous rosé from Corse-Calvi?
Gris de Calvi.
125
What percent of Corsican wine production is rosé?
70%.
126
What percentage of Corsican vineyards produce AOC wine?
51%.
127
What is Barbaroux and how is it used?
* A pink-skinned grape
* used in Vin de Corse and Ajaccio.
128
Is Chardonnay allowed in Corsica?
Yes, in IGP Île de Beauté wines.
129
What is the synonym for Sciaccarello?
Mammolo.
130
Tuffeau, aubuis, argiles à silex / perruches are soils of which region in the Loire?
Touraine (Middle Loire)
