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COM - Neuro > General Neurophys - Karius 3/24 > Flashcards

General Neurophys - Karius 3/24 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 stages in the creation of CSF?

A
  1. Passive filtration of serum

2. Ionic modification

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2
Q

What ions are modified during creation of CSF?

What else?

A

HCO3, Cl, K

Aquaporins

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3
Q

What ends up in equal [ ] in both the plasma and CSF?

A

Na
Cl
HCO3

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4
Q

What ions are greater in CSF than plasma

A

Mg

CO2

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5
Q

What is lower in CSF compared to plasma?

A

K
Ca
protein
Glucose

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6
Q

What absorbs CSF?

How is it moving?

A

Arachnoid villi

Bulk flow into venous sinus and pinocytosis

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7
Q

Relationship between absorption of CSF and intracranial pressure?

A

Proportional

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8
Q

At pressures below what, will no CSF be absorbed?

What is normal pressure?

A

68mm CSF

112mm CSF

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9
Q

What limits exchanges in the BB barrier?

A

Tight junctions bw endothelial cells

Glial end feet in contact w/blood vessel

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10
Q

What can cross the BB barrier via passive diffusion?

A

H2O, CO2, O2, free steroid hormones

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11
Q

What transporter does the BB barrier use for glucose?

Relationship with insulin?

What forms?

A

GLUT1

Insulin independent

55K on capillaries
45K on astroglia

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12
Q

What is the fx of the Na/K/2Cl transporter?

It’s expression is tied to what?
And this is related to what?

A

Moves these ions from CSF to blood

Endothelin 1 and 3
Signal from astrocytes
May be related to [K]csf

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13
Q

What moves drugs that have cross the BB barrier from CSF back into the blood?

A

P-glycoprotein and MDR-1

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14
Q

Fxs of BB barrier?

A

Protect CSF from blood borne agents
Maintain electrolyte compoisition (K+, Vm)
Protection from toxins
Prevent escape of nts

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15
Q

Areas that are susceptible to substances that cross the BB barrier are missing what?

What is the purpose?

What is the consequence?

A

Tight junctions bw endothelial cells

Allow certain parts of the brain access to plasma [ ]

Areas exposed to toxins that the rest of the brain is protected from

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16
Q

What are the areas that are not protected from the BB barrier?
Also give what they do

A

Post pituitary - release hormones
Area Postrema - vomiting
OVLT + subfornical organ - control body water/thirst/blood V (Angiotensin)

17
Q

How much of the CO does the brain receive?

A

14% or 750mL/min required

18
Q

The vasculature of the brain gets Symp innervation from what nt’s?

What are the receptors?

Leads to what?

A

NE and NPY

Alpha-adrenergic

Constriction when CO/BP INC

19
Q

Vasculature of the brain receives PS innervation from what?

What parts of the brain?

Result?

A

Ach, VIP, PHM-27

Larger blood vessels

Vasodilation

20
Q

What nt’s cause sensory innervation dilation of blood vessels?

A

Substance P
Neurokinin A
CGRP

PAC dat d

21
Q

Sensory fibers render the blood vessels of the brain extremely sensitive to what?

Leads to what?

A

Torsion/manipulation

Pain

22
Q

Reduced CSF makes the brain heavier leading to torsion of the brain and thus pain. Activation of those afferents will cause what?

A

Vasodilation and INC blood flow

23
Q

What kind of control is cerebral blood flow under?

A

Local

Oxygen consumption dictates where in brain blood goes

24
Q

What makes CSF?

A

Choroid plexus

Tissue lining the ventricles and blood vessels

25
Q

As intracranial pressure increases, what happens to venous outflow?

Arterial flow?

A

Obstructed

reduced arterial flow

26
Q

What controls cerebral blood flow?

Held constant over what range of what?

A

Autoregulation

60-140 mean arterial BP

27
Q

If mean arterial BP goes too high what can extend the autoregulation of the brain?

A

Sympathetic stimulation to Vasoconstrict

28
Q

What may increases the intracranial pressure?

A

Hydrocephalus
Edema
Bleeding within the skull

COM - Neuro (13 decks)

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