Blood Vessels And Lymphatics - Stephens 3/22 Flashcards
What does the vertebral artery terminate as?
Supplies what circulation?
Basilar artery
Posterior (Brainstem, cerebellum, occipital lobe)
What is the blood supply to the circle of Willis?
Internal carotid - 80%
Vertebral a. - 20%
Significant shunting from anterior to posterior results in what?
Hyperperfusion and cerebral edema
How do you describe the Circle of Willis?
Asymmetrical and incomplete
What can lead to vertebro-basilar insufficiency?
Clinical signs?
Subclavian steal syndrome
Dizziness, CN dysfunction, paralysis, loss of consciousness
What causes subclavian steal syndrome?
Obstruction of subclavian a. Proximal to vertebral a.
Episodic INC in peripheral circulatory demand in associated extremity -> due to physical work
Shunting of blood from vertebro-basilar circulation into distal subclavian a.
Where does the vertebral artery course through?
Transverse foramen of C6 and foramen magnum
What arteries branch off the 1st part of the subclavian artery?
Internal thoracic a.
Vertebral a.
Thyrocervical arterial trunk
What are the branches of the thyrocervical arterial trunk?
Transverse cervical a.
Inf. Thyroid a.
Ascending cervical a.
Suprascapular a.
50% of the time what may branch off the transverse cervical artery?
Dorsal scapular artery
What artery enters the larynx with the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
Inferior laryngeal artery
What is the 1st branch off the internal carotid inside the skull?
Ophthalmic a.
What is the components of the circle of Willis?
Anterior cerebral a
Ant communicating a
Posterior cerebral a
Post communicating a
Branches off the External Carotid a?
Superior thyroid a. Ascending pharyngeal a Lingual a Facial a Occipital a Posterior auricular a Maxillary a Superficial temporal a
Some Anatomists Love Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
What is the major branch of the superior thyroid artery?
Where does it pierce?
With what?
Superior laryngeal a
Thyrohyoid membrane
Internal laryngeal nerve
What are the terminal branches of the ECA?
Superficial temporal a
Maxillary a
What vessel is used in neurosurgery to bypass obstructions of the middle cerebral artery?
Superficial temporal artery
What does the maxillary artery supply?
Infratemporal fossa and posterior 2/3 naval cavity (hard palate)
What forms the retromandibular vein?
Superficial temporal v
Maxillary vv
What is the primary venous drainage of the brain?
IJV
Which bulb of the IJV has a valve?
Which does not?
Inferior bulb
Superior bulb
What are the tributaries to the IJV?
Facial v
Lingual v
Superior and middle thyroid v
right lymphatic trunk and left thoracic I duct
Where do pericervical LNs drain?
What are they?
Deep cervical LNs
BOSSMP Buccal Occipital Submandibular Submental Mastoid Parotid
Where are superficial cervical LNs located?
Where do they drain?
EJV and Anterior JV
Deep cervical LNs
Where are the deep cervical nodes located?
IJV
What are the 2 most important deep cervical LNs?
Jugulo-digastric
Jugulo-omohyoid
Where is the thoracic duct located?
In front of the anterior scalene behind the carotid sheath
Left side ONLY
In front of 1st part of subclavian a
What is the arterial supply to the head and neck?
Brachiocephalic a. (R common carotid and R subclavian)
Left Common carotid
Left Subclavian
