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Microbiology And Immunology > General Mycology > Flashcards

General Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How does fungi as eukaryotic organism differ from prokaryotic organism

A
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2
Q

What surrounds the structures of fungi

A
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3
Q

Bacteria do not contain what

A

Sterols except for mycoplasma

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4
Q

Mammalian cells contain what

A

Cholesterol in their cell membrane

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5
Q

What makes the fungi pathogenic and is the site of attack by anti fungal drug

A

Ergosterol

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6
Q

What is outside the plasmalemma

A
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7
Q

Cryptococcus have what

A

Further layer - polysaccharide capsule

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8
Q

What is the function of the cell wall and the capsule of fungi

A

Protection, transport, and virulence, which are invoked on invoking the host response

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9
Q

What are the forms of fungi

A

Yeast
Filamentous fungi
Dimorphic fungi

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10
Q

Explain yeast form of fungi

A
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11
Q

What are filamentous fungi

A

Form hyphae, long tubes which may have cross wall septa or may be multinucleate

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12
Q

What is mycelium

A

Collection of hyphae

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13
Q

Mycelium may be what

A

Vegetative growing on a nutrient surface
Extending upwards as an aerial mycelium producing conidia

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14
Q

What is conidia capable of

A

Spreading very easily contaminating the laboratory if culture plates are carelessly open

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15
Q

What is dimorphic fungi ?

A

They exist as both yeast and filamentous fungi

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16
Q

Pathogenic fungi are in which form

A

Dimorphic

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17
Q

In Dimorphic fungi the yeast and filamentous form where

A
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18
Q

What is the exception when the mycelium forms in tissue

A

Candida

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19
Q

What describes the pathogens attack mechanism

A

Fungal pathogenicity

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20
Q

What describes host defense mechanism

A

Resistance

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21
Q

What is the difference between primary pathogens and opportunistic pathogens

A
22
Q

The mechanism of pathogenicity of fungi includes what

A

Mycotoxins
Hypersensitivity
Invasive infection

23
Q

Do fungi produce endotoxins or exotoxins

A

Exotoxins

24
Q

What are the three major groups of fungi causing mycotoxocis

A

Aflatoxins
Ergot alkaloids
Psychotropics

25
Q

Explain Aflatoxins

A
26
Q

Explain ergot alkaloids

A
27
Q

Explain psychotropics

A
28
Q

Explain hypersensitivity as mechanism of pathogenesis of fungi

A
29
Q

Explain invasive infection as mechanism of pathogenesis of fungi

A
30
Q

What is the diseases caused by fungi

A

Superficial mycosis
Cutaneous, subcutaneous or systemic mycosis

31
Q

What are the 6 mechanisms by which tissue damage in fungi infection may occur

A
32
Q

What is the primary barriers for host resistance

A
33
Q

What is a reaction that helps in host resistance

A
34
Q

What medication helps as an host resistance ace mechanism

A
35
Q

How does the immunity act as host resistance

A
36
Q

What is meant by ecology of fungi

A

It includes their reservoirs in the environment and sources of infection

37
Q

What are the examples of natural ecology of fungi

A

Soil
Air
Animals
Humans

38
Q

How is yeast and fungi diagnosed by culture media

A
39
Q

For fungi detection which agar is used

A

Glucose or blood agar is used at acidic pH to inhibit bacterial growth

40
Q

Identification of fungi is mainly made by what

A
41
Q

What analysis can also be used in diagnosis of fungal infection

A

Antibodies and DNA analysis

42
Q

What is the clinical classification of fungi

A

Superficial or cutaneous mycoses
Subcutaneous mycoses
Systemic or deep mycoses

43
Q

Explain the cause of superficial infections

A

Caused by fungi that attack the skin it appendages (nails, feathers and hair)

44
Q

Give example of superficial infections

A

Ringworms
Jock-itch
Athletes foot

45
Q

In superficial infections fungi are known as

A

Dermatophytes

46
Q

systemic infections are disease that occur where

A

Deep within the tissues, involving vital organs and/or the nervous system, which may be fatal, but may also be chronic

47
Q

In systemic infections the entry is through what

A

Inhalation of spores or open wounds

48
Q

Additional infections of internal organ in systemic infections may occur due to what

A

Due to transmission of fungi through the body by blood circulation or respiratory system

49
Q

Give an example of fungi causing systemic infection

A

Saprotrophic fungi - growing in the soil

50
Q

Explain intermediate infection

A

Microbiology And Immunology (21 decks)

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